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Table 1 Risk factors for the development of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) at any stage

From: Incidence and risk factors for retinopathy of prematurity: a retrospective cohort study

Risk factors

ROP

Without ROP

P

n = 204 (33.9%)

n = 398 (66.1%)

Male, n (%)

101 (49.5%)

201 (50.5%)

.689a

Type of birth, n (%)

  

.832a

Singleton

169 (82.8%)

326 (81.9%)

 

Twin or multiple

35 (17.2%)

72 (18.1%)

 

Sepsis, n (%)

167 (83.5%)****

285 (71.6%)

.001a

Use of surfactants, n (%)

179 (88.6%)**

258 (65%)*

< .001a

Intraventricular hemorrhage, n (%)

54 (26.7%)**

50 (12.6%)

< .001a

Erythropoietin, n (%)

16 (7.9%)**

12 (3%)

.006a

Maternal use of antenatal corticosteroids, n (%)

58 (28.7%)**

44 (11.1%)

< .001a

Cardiac diseases, n (%)

69 (33.8%)

51 (12.8%)

< .001a

Pulmonary diseases, n (%)

171 (83.8%)

250 (62.8%)

< .001a

Digestive diseases, n (%)

11 (5.4%)

16 (4%)

.577a

Birth weight < 1000 g, n (%)

98 (48.0%)

50 (12.6%)

< .001a

Gestational age (weeks), mean ± SD

29.4 (2.5)

31.4 (2.2)

< .001b

Apgar score at 1 min, mean ± SD

6 (2.3)

6.7 (2.2)

.001b

Apgar score at 5 min, mean ± SD

7.7 (1.4)

8.2 (1.5)

< .001b

Days on oxygen therapy, median (minimum to maximum)

27 (0–150)

6 (0–150)

< .001c

Days on CPAP, median (minimum to maximum)

4 (0–42)

2 (0–30)

< .001c

Days on mechanical ventilation, median (minimum–maximum)

7 (0–103)

1 (0–150)

<.001

Number of blood transfusions, median (minimum to maximum)

1 (0–15)

0 (0–12)

< .001

  1. CPAP continuous positive airway pressure
  2. *1 newborn with missing data; **2 newborns with missing data; ***3 newborns with missing data; ****4 newborns with missing data
  3. achi-square test
  4. bStudent t test
  5. cMann-Whitney U test