Table 1 Comparison between selected case series and case reports which documented ocular abnormalities in PWS patients
From: Multimodal imaging in a patient with Prader–Willi syndrome
Studya | Year of publication | No. of cases | Ocular findings |
|---|---|---|---|
Gillessen-Kaesbach et al. | 1995 | 167 | Strabismus, refractive errors, iris/fundus hypopigmentation |
Butler et al. | 1989 | 56 | Strabismus, nystagmus, iris/fundus hypopigmentation |
Hered et al. | 1988 | 46 | Strabismus, refractive errors, iris/fundus hypopigmentation |
Butler et al. | 1986 | 39 | Iris/fundus hypopigmentation |
Sanjeeva et al. | 2017 | 34 | Strabismus, refractive errors |
Wiesner et al. | 1987 | 29 | Iris/fundus hypopigmentation |
Spritz et al. | 1997 | 28 | Iris/fundus hypopigmentation |
Fox et al. | 1999 | 27 | Strabismus, refractive errors, iris/fundus hypopigmentation |
Apkarian et al. | 1989 | 14 | Strabismus, nystagmus, abnormal VEP |
Roy et al. | 1992 | 12 | Strabismus, nystagmus, foveal hypoplasia, VF defects, cataract |
Hittner et al. | 1982 | 9 | Strabismus, iris/fundus hypopigmentation |
Creel et al. | 1986 | 6 | Strabismus, nystagmus, iris/fundus hypopigmentation, foveal hypoplasia, abnormal VEP |
Kalpakian et al. | 1986 | 1 | Strabismus, CFEOM |
Libov et al. | 1994 | 1 | Strabismus, refractive errors, iris/fundus hypopigmentation, glaucoma |
Wang et al. | 1995 | 1 | RPE changes, cataract |
Hori et al. | 2012 | 1 | PDR, cataract |
Wallis et al. | 1989 | 1 | Strabismus, refractive errors, nystagmus, iris/fundus hypopigmentation |
Parcheta et al. | 1987 | 1 | Iris/fundus hypopigmentation |
Hayashi et al. | 1992 | 1 | Strabismus, iris/fundus hypopigmentation, foveal hypoplasia |
Watanabe et al. | 2006 | 1 | PDR, cataract |
Shohat et al. | 1990 | 1 | Cone degeneration |
Bassali et al. | 1997 | 1 | PDR |
Savir et al. | 1974 | 1 | PDR |
Hattori et al. | 1985 | 1 | PDR |
Futterweit et al. | 1986 | 1 | Iris/fundus hypopigmentation, glaucoma, VF defects, ectropion uveae |
Gerding et al. | 2012 | 1 | RPE changes, abnormal VEP |
Lee et al. | 1994 | 1 | Iris/fundus hypopigmentation |
Ritch et al. | 1984 | 1 | Glaucoma, ectropion uveae |