Fig. 1

OCTA Artifacts. a, b Motion artifact: en face image of the full retinal projection, white arrow points to an example of motion artifact (a). The horizontal lines represent areas where OCTA acquisition was disrupted by movement. B-scan through this area (b) shows a blurry image with erroneous flow pixels. c–f Projection artifact: en face projection of the ddeep retinal layer before artifact removal c and after artifact removal e. Red arrows point to a projected vessel from the superficial retinal layer, note that the same vessel is no longer present after software correction. Corresponding B-scans (d, f) show a superficial retinal vessel reflected on the RPE (white arrow) and a decorrelation tail trailing below the vessel (yellow arrow). g, h Segmentation error: en face projection of the choriocapillaris in a patient with diabetic macular edema. At first glance, lack of flow pixels suggests widespread non-perfusion (g), however, B-scan reveals a significant segmentation error due to edema (h). Yellow arrows point to correct choriocapillaris segmentation level. i–l Shadowing: en face projection of the deep capillary plexus suggests central vascular loss (I). Corresponding structural en face image shows reduced signal in this area (k). Accompanying B-scan reveals signal attenuation is secondary to overlying edema, not vascular loss (j, l)