Fig. 5

Fundus photography of the left eye three days after the onset of decreased visual acuity shows engorged and tortuous retinal veins with intraretinal hemorrhages consistent with the diagnosis of CRVO (a). There was an area of whitening in the territory of the cilioretinal artery compatible with the diagnosis of cilioretinal artery occlusion (magnified view: red dashed rectangle). The cilioretinal artery path is marked with red arrows. The foveal B-scan SD-OCT cut is shown in a yellow dashed rectangle. Hemorrhages with a radial pattern were encircling the fovea inferiorly. Borders of the hemorrhage have been shown in white dashed lines in the green dashed rectangle. The OCTA image of the left eye shows a decrease in vascular density in the SCP and DCP (b). The projection artifact of superficial arteries is well seen in the deep layer, which the software used in the Optovue device for omitting the projection artifact could not remove it. SD-OCT showed a slight increase in retinal thickness. A hyperreflective band in the area of CLRAO was observed in SD-OCT involving both superficial and middle retinal layers, while the lower border of the lesion appeared hyper-reflective solely in the middle retinal layers compatible with PAMM (c). En face OCT segmented at the level of DCP (d) shows the hyperreflective area in the distribution of the cilioretinal artery as well as base-out wedge shape hyperreflective lesions in the fovea corresponding to the oval-shaped hemorrhages. Fern-like perivenular hyperreflective lesions were also evident in the infratemporal part of the fovea in the region solely affected by venous occlusion