Table 4 Description of identified patient clusters in terms of patient characteristics and answers to interview questions
From: Questionnaire for the assessment of adherence barriers of intravitreal therapy: the ABQ-IVT
Cluster (size) | Cluster 1 (n = 72, 30.7%) | Cluster 2 (n = 25, 10.7%) | Cluster 3 (n = 65, 27.8%) | Cluster 4 (n = 28, 12.0%) | Cluster 5 (n = 24, 10.3%) | Cluster 6 (n = 20, 8.5%) | Overall (n = 234) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Short description of identified clusters | “Difficulties with arranging the appointments themselves” | “Depression/Worried about being a burden for the family” | “No significant barriers to be addressed” | “Lack of belief in the need for therapy” | “Financial burden” | "Several different barriers to be addressed “ | |
Mean (SD) | |||||||
ABQ score | 24.21 (SD: 4.65)*** | 24.08 (SD: 5.84)* | 16.46 (SD: 2.95)*** | 19.00 (SD: 2.96)* | 22.33 (SD: 4.34) | 37.05 (SD: 4.9)*** | 22.32 (SD: 6.95) |
Age [years] | 71.13 (SD: 13.26) | 72.4 (SD: 13.73) | 72.4 (SD: 11.09) | 76.39 (SD: 9.87) | 78.67 (SD: 8.84)** | 74.35 (SD: 9.36) | 73.29 (SD: 11.79) |
Time since diagnosis [years] | 3.08 (SD: 2.70) | 3.64 (SD: 4.46) | 2.69 (SD: 2.90) | 1.97 (SD: 1.10) | 3.46 (SD: 4.36) | 3.13 (SD: 3.02) | 2.94 (SD: 3.10) |
Time since first IV [years] | 1.63 (SD: 1.12) | 1.42 (SD: 1.00) | 1.74 (SD: 0.98) | 1.74 (SD: 1.06) | 1.73 (SD: 0.98) | 1.37 (SD: 0.91) | 1.64 (SD: 1.03) |
Number of injections per treated eye | 13.83 (SD: 9.13)** | 10.14 (SD: 6.97) | 9.62 (SD: 6.25) | 8.43 (SD: 5.89)* | 11.42 (SD: 6.94) | 10.13 (SD: 6.88) | 11.06 (SD: 7.6) |
Feeling at time of interviewa | 3.17 (SD: 0.69) | 3.4 (SD: 0.91)* | 2.83 (SD: 0.78)** | 2.79 (SD: 0.83)* | 3.29 (SD: 0.69) | 3.35 (SD: 0.67) | 3.08 (SD: 0.78) |
Change in VAb | 0.04 (SD: 0.22) | 0.00 (SD: 0.24) | 0.06 (SD: 0.18) | 0.03 (SD: 0.18) | − 0.01 (SD: 0.23) | 0.03 (SD: 0.22) | 0.04 (SD: 0.21) |
Perceived change in eyesightc | 0.90 (SD: 22.27) | -2.37 (SD: 21.43) | 5.33 (SD: 23.18)** | − 2.20 (SD: 10.76) | 8.05 (SD: 23.98) | − 12.88 (SD: 20.36)** | 0.94 (SD: 21.97) |
n (%) | |||||||
nAMD (the other cases are DME) | 41 (56.9%)* | 20 (80.0%) | 41 (63.1%) | 21 (75.0%) | 20 (83.3%) | 13 (65.0%) | 156 (66.7%) |
Female | 37 (51.4%) | 16 (64.0%) | 32 (49.2%) | 16 (57.1%) | 15 (62.5%) | 9 (45.0%) | 125 (53.4%) |
Both eyes affected | 31 (43.1%) | 13 (52.0%) | 30 (46.2%) | 7 (25.0%)* | 11 (45.8%) | 9 (45.0%) | 101 (43.2%) |
Rate own adherence as 100% | 63 (87.5%) | 19 (76.0%) | 52 (81.3%) | 27 (96.4%)* | 19 (79.2%) | 11 (55.0%)** | 191 (82.0%) |
Quality of life affected stronglyd | 26 (36.6%) | 17 (70.8%)*** | 11 (17.5%)** | 6 (21.4%) | 5 (20.8%) | 14 (73.7%)*** | 79 (34.5%) |
Need or prefer daily helpe | 23 (32.4%) | 13 (52.0%)* | 14 (22.6%)* | 6 (23.1%) | 6 (28.6%) | 12 (60.0%)** | 74 (32.9%) |
Cataract | 31 (43.1%) | 8 (32.0%) | 24 (36.9%) | 8 (28.6%) | 12 (50.0%) | 10 (50.0%) | 93 (39.7%) |
Glaucoma | 8 (11.1%) | 6 (24.0%)* | 6 (9.2%) | 4 (14.3%) | 1 (4.2%) | 2 (10.0%) | 27 (11.5%) |
Diabetic retinopathy | 26 (36.1%)* | 4 (16.0%) | 19 (29.2%) | 4 (14.3%) | 4 (16.7%) | 6 (30.0%) | 63 (26.9%) |
Cancer | 4 (5.6%) | 1 (4.0%) | 0 (0.0%)* | 2 (7.1%) | 2 (8.3%) | 2 (10.0%) | 11 (4.7%) |