Risk factors associated with sickle cell retinopathy: findings from the Cooperative Study of Sickle Cell Disease

Table 3 Multivariate logistic regression analysis of variables associated with PSCR and SCR for patients in the study cohort

	OR	95% CI	P-value
SCR	n = 953
Age at entry (years)	1.04	1.02, 1.05	< 0.001
Smoking	1.67	1.22, 2.28	0.001
Previous history of hematuria	1.53	1.01, 2.23	0.050
HbF (%)	0.93	0.91, 0.96	< 0.001
PSCR	n = 423
Age at entry (years)	1.05	1.03, 1.07	< 0.001
Smoking	1.66	1.16, 2.37	0.005
Previous history of blood transfusion	0.64	0.41, 0.99	0.050
Hemoglobin (g/dl)	1.34	1.17, 1.54	< 0.001
WBC (10⁹/L)	1.08	1.02, 1.15	0.011
Reticulocytes (%)	0.95	0.91, 0.99	0.019
HbF (%)	0.86	0.81, 0.91	< 0.001
PSCR among SCA^a genotypes	n = 253
Age at entry (years)	1.06	1.03, 1.08	< 0.001
Smoking	1.73	1.11, 2.67	0.014
Hemoglobin (g/dl)	1.27	1.07, 1.50	0.006
Reticulocytes (%)	0.93	0.89, 0.98	0.005
HbF (%)	0.86	0.81, 0.92	< 0.001
PSCR among variant^b genotypes	n = 169
Age at entry (years)	1.04	1.01, 1.07	< 0.001
Eye symptoms	1.78	1.02, 3.21	0.050
Hemoglobin (g/dl)	1.54	1.24, 1.91	< 0.001
WBC (10⁹/L)	1.11	1.01, 1.22	0.049
HbF (%)	0.83	0.72, 0.94	0.005

SCR sickle cell retinopathy, PSCR proliferative sickle cell retinopathy, SCA sickle cell anemia, WBC white blood cells, HbF hemoglobin F, OR odds ratio, CI confidence interval
^aSickle cell anemia (SCA) genotypes include SS, Sβ0 and SSα
^bVariant genotypes include SC, Sβ + , other

ISSN: 2056-9920