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  1. To quantitatively evaluate the vitreomacular interface of eyes with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and to investigate its association with the 1-year treatment outcome following intravitrea...

    Authors: Manabu Miyata, Sotaro Ooto, Kenji Yamashiro, Hiroshi Tamura, Akihito Uji, Masahiro Miyake, Yuki Muraoka, Ayako Takahashi and Akitaka Tsujikawa
    Citation: International Journal of Retina and Vitreous 2021 7:77
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  2. To evaluate the effects of intravitreal silicone oil (SO) on the retinal and choroidal thickness in eyes with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD).

    Authors: Heshmatollah Ghanbari, Farzan Kianersi, Alireza Jamshidi Madad, Alireza Dehghani, Alireza Rahimi, Awat Feizi and Afsaneh Naderi Beni
    Citation: International Journal of Retina and Vitreous 2021 7:76
    Content type: Review Published on:

  3. Modern surgical interventions effectively treat macular holes (MHs) more than 90%. Current surgical treatment for MHs is pars plana vitrectomy with epiretinal membrane, internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling...

    Authors: Mohd-Asyraaf Abdul-Kadir and Lik Thai Lim
    Citation: International Journal of Retina and Vitreous 2021 7:75
    Content type: Review Published on:

  4. To assess the morphological and functional outcome of intravitreal aflibercept following the treat and extend protocol compared to the fixed protocol for treatment of eyes with neovascular age-related macular ...

    Authors: Alaa Din Abdin, Asem Mohamed, Cristian Munteanu, Isabel Weinstein, Achim Langenbucher, Berthold Seitz and Shady Suffo
    Citation: International Journal of Retina and Vitreous 2021 7:74
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  5. To evaluate retinal thickness and capillary density in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and their association with diabetic kidney disease (DKD) using swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT).

    Authors: Monica Oliveira da Silva, Anne Elise Cruz do Carmo Chaves, Glauber Corrêa Gobbato, Mateus Augusto dos Reis, Fabio Lavinsky, Beatriz D’Agord Schaan and Daniel Lavinsky
    Citation: International Journal of Retina and Vitreous 2021 7:73
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  6. To describe the visual acuity and anatomic outcomes of intravitreal methotrexate (MTX) for the treatment of primary vitreoretinal lymphoma (PVRL).

    Authors: Casey L. Anthony, J. Clay Bavinger, Jessica G. Shantha, Ghazala D. O’Keefe, William A. Pearce, Alfredo Voloschin, Hans E. Grossniklaus and Steven Yeh
    Citation: International Journal of Retina and Vitreous 2021 7:72
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  7. The main purpose of this study was to investigate the presence of retinal autofluorescence findings in COVID-19 patients. Observational study conducted in São Paulo in 2020. Demographic, medical history, and c...

    Authors: Paula M. Marinho, Alléxya A. A. Marcos, Ana M. C. Branco, Walid M. Mourad, Victoria Sakamoto, Andre C. Romano, Michel Farah, Richard B. Rosen, Paulo Schor, Paulo Abraao, Heloisa Nascimento and Rubens Belfort Jr
    Citation: International Journal of Retina and Vitreous 2021 7:71
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  8. To evaluate spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) findings as biomarkers in primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) with or without ocular involvement.

    Authors: Muhammad Hassan, Muhammad Sohail Halim, Rubbia Afridi, Nam V. Nguyen, Quan Dong Nguyen and Yasir J. Sepah
    Citation: International Journal of Retina and Vitreous 2021 7:70
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  9. Degenerative retinoschisis is a common condition defined by the splitting of the neurosensory retina that may rarely be associated with progressive retinal detachment (RD). Here, we aim to describe the anatomi...

    Authors: Bradley Beatson, Alex Pham, Sally S. Ong, Ishrat Ahmed, J. Fernando Arevalo and James T. Handa
    Citation: International Journal of Retina and Vitreous 2021 7:69
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  10. The current study aimed to evaluate growth and neurodevelopmental status in patients with retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) treated with intravitreal bevacizumab (IVB).

    Authors: Majid Abrishami, Hassan Boskabadi, Mojtaba Abrishami, Farid Shekarchian, Majid Khadem-Rezaiyan and Nasser Shoeibi
    Citation: International Journal of Retina and Vitreous 2021 7:68
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  11. To screen for ocular abnormalities in healthy full-term newborn infants using wide-field digital imaging and to analyze factors associated with the findings.

    Authors: Rita S. Sitorus, Indra Maharddhika Pambudy, Rinawati Rohsiswatmo, Julie Dewi Barliana, Dian Estu Yulia and Indah Suci Widyahening
    Citation: International Journal of Retina and Vitreous 2021 7:67
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  12. Injections are widely performed in the healthcare practice. Silicone has long been thought to be an inert and harmless material. Although used for decades in medical implants, including heart valves, breast im...

    Authors: Gustavo Barreto Melo, Yehuda Shoenfeld and Eduardo Büchele Rodrigues
    Citation: International Journal of Retina and Vitreous 2021 7:66
    Content type: Commentary Published on:

  13. To describe the outcomes of patients with retinitis pigmentosa (RP) who received the Argus II Retinal Prosthesis System.

    Authors: J. Fernando Arevalo, Saba Al Rashaed, Tariq A. Alhamad, Eman Al Kahtani and Hassan A. Al-Dhibi
    Citation: International Journal of Retina and Vitreous 2021 7:65
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  14. To describe the spontaneous closure of a degenerative lamellar macular hole with epiretinal proliferation (LHEP) as documented with tracked spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT).

    Authors: Rony C. Preti, Leandro C. Zacharias, Leonardo P. Cunha, Mario L. R. Monteiro and David Sarraf
    Citation: International Journal of Retina and Vitreous 2021 7:64
    Content type: Case report Published on:

  15. To report a clinical case of a patient affected with choroideremia (CHM) who underwent macular surgery for a macular hole (MH) with Lamellar Hole-associated Epiretinal Proliferation (LHEP).

    Authors: Vittoria Murro, Dario Pasquale Mucciolo, Dario Giorgio, Tomaso Caporossi, Ilaria Passerini, Daniele Bani, Fabrizio Giansanti, Gianni Virgili and Andrea Sodi
    Citation: International Journal of Retina and Vitreous 2021 7:63
    Content type: Case report Published on:

  16. Subthreshold microsecond pulsing laser is an increasingly common treatment approach for central serous chorioretinopathy. However, there is no literature available on the safety of microsecond laser using diff...

    Authors: Jay Chhablani, Gagan Kalra, Lubna Alkwatli, Bernd Fassbender, Francesca Amoroso, Khushboo Chandra, Samantha Ankireddy, Dmitrii Maltsev, Nina-Antonia Striebe and Eric Souied
    Citation: International Journal of Retina and Vitreous 2021 7:62
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  17. To evaluate choroidal thickness (CT) in diabetic patients without diabetic retinopathy (DR) in relation to the urinary albumin excretion rate (UAER).

    Authors: Doaa Maamoun Ashour, Amany Abd El-Fattah El-Shazly, Randa Hesham Ali Abdelgawad and Mohamed Ibrahim Saleh
    Citation: International Journal of Retina and Vitreous 2021 7:61
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  19. Intraocular osseous metaplasia is a rare histological finding associated with benign cellular transformation. Its development requires inflammatory cytokines and the process takes many years. Previous case rep...

    Authors: Yi-Ran Chiou, Lei-Chi Wang and Yu-Bai Chou
    Citation: International Journal of Retina and Vitreous 2021 7:59
    Content type: Case report Published on:

  20. Intraocular lymphoma accounts for fewer than 1% of intraocular tumors. When the posterior segment is involved, it can be further classified as vitreoretinal or choroidal lymphoma. Vitreoretinal lymphoma (VRL) ...

    Authors: Aditya Rali, Lucy T. Xu, Caroline Craven, Jonathon B. Cohen, Steven Yeh, Hans E. Grossniklaus and Ghazala D. O’Keefe
    Citation: International Journal of Retina and Vitreous 2021 7:58
    Content type: Case report Published on:

  21. To compare the functional and anatomic outcomes at 24 months of eyes with a primary macular hole that failed to close after a prior surgery and were treated with either an autologous transplantation of interna...

    Authors: Arturo Alezzandrini, Camila I. Dorrego, María Victoria Cibrán, Valentina Cortina-Revelli, Franco D. Rocco, Marcelo Zas and Lihteh Wu
    Citation: International Journal of Retina and Vitreous 2021 7:57
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  23. Age related macular degeneration (AMD) is the most common cause of vision loss in the elderly population. Neovascular AMD comprises 10% of all cases and can lead to devastating visual loss due to choroidal neo...

    Authors: Sruthi Arepalli and Peter K. Kaiser
    Citation: International Journal of Retina and Vitreous 2021 7:55
    Content type: Review Published on:

  24. To investigate the visual and anatomical outcomes associated with treat-and-extend (TAE) regimen of intravitreal (IVT) aflibercept in eyes with treatment naïve neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nvA...

    Authors: Mohamed Kamel Soliman, Nicolas Tuli, Thomas K. Lee, William A. Britton and Raman Tuli
    Citation: International Journal of Retina and Vitreous 2021 7:54
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  25. As intravitreal anti-VEGF injections became the mainstay of treatment for many retinal diseases, the cause of a secondary sustained elevated intraocular pressure is still unclear. The aim of our study was to s...

    Authors: Yariv Keshet, Orly Gal-Or, Michal Schaap Fogler, Karin Mimouni, Meydan Ben Ishai, Dov Weinberger and Assaf Dotan
    Citation: International Journal of Retina and Vitreous 2021 7:53
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  27. To present a series of acute central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO) cases showing internal limiting membrane detachment (ILMD) on optical coherence tomography (OCT) and to describe the possible etiopathogenes...

    Authors: Ramesh Venkatesh, Chaitra Jayadev, Akhila Sridharan, Arpitha Pereira, Nikitha Gurram Reddy, Jophy Philip Cherry, Naresh Kumar Yadav and Jay Chhablani
    Citation: International Journal of Retina and Vitreous 2021 7:51
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  28. Patients with 13q-syndrome are at risk of retinoblastoma when the RB1 gene, located in the chromosomal band 13q14.2, is deleted. This syndrome is frequently associated with congenital malformations and developmen...

    Authors: Pablo Gargallo, Silvestre Oltra, Julia Balaguer, Honorio Barranco, Yania Yáñez, Vanessa Segura, Antonio Juan-Ribelles, Inés Calabria, Margarita Llavador, Victoria Castel and Adela Cañete
    Citation: International Journal of Retina and Vitreous 2021 7:50
    Content type: Case report Published on:

  29. The challenge of COVID-19 has rapidly changed medical management worldwide. The relatively small time from pandemic to vaccines regulatory approval triggered a race toward vaccines development. However, import...

    Authors: Janaína Jamile Ferreira Saraceno, Guilherme Macedo Souza, Luciana Peixoto dos Santos Finamor, Heloisa Moraes Nascimento and Rubens Belfort Jr
    Citation: International Journal of Retina and Vitreous 2021 7:49
    Content type: Letter to the Editor Published on:

  30. To determine the application of fluorescein angiographic (FA) findings and Behcet’s disease ocular attack score 24 (BOS24) scoring system in predicting poor visual outcome in patients with ocular Behcet’s dise...

    Authors: Narumon Keorochana, Nathamon Homchampa, Sritatath Vongkulsiri and Raveewan Choontanom
    Citation: International Journal of Retina and Vitreous 2021 7:48
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  31. Our study aimed to assess and compare the accuracy of 8 intraocular lens (IOL) power calculation formulas (Barrett Universal II, EVO 2.0, Haigis, Hoffer Q, Holladay 1, Kane and PEARL-DGS) in patients submitted...

    Authors: Diogo Hipólito-Fernandes, Maria Elisa Luís, Diogo Maleita, Pedro Gil, Vitor Maduro, Lívio Costa, Nuno Marques, João Branco and Nuno Alves
    Citation: International Journal of Retina and Vitreous 2021 7:47
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  32. The aim of this article is to report the presence of choroidal loculation of fluid and choroidal cavern in a case of choroidal osteoma, previously undescribed in this disease.

    Authors: Ricardo Luz Leitão Guerra, Rafael Cicconi Arantes, Eduardo Ferrari Marback and Carol L Shields
    Citation: International Journal of Retina and Vitreous 2021 7:46
    Content type: Letter to the Editor Published on:

  33. Prenatal exposure to Cannabis is a worldwide growing problem. Although retina is part of the central nervous system, the impact of maternal Cannabis use on the retinal development and its postnatal consequence...

    Authors: Paulo Roberto Arruda Zantut, Mariana Matera Veras, Sarah Gomes Menezes Benevenutto, Angélica Mendonça Vaz Safatle, Ricardo Augusto Pecora, Victor Yuji Yariwake, Janaina Iannicelli Torres, Gustavo Sakuno, Marco Antonio Garcia Martins, Aline Adriana Bolzan, Walter Yukihiko Takahashi, Paulo Hilario Nascimento Saldiva and Francisco Max Damico
    Citation: International Journal of Retina and Vitreous 2021 7:45
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  34. The idea to use smartphone for fundus photography was put forward in 2010. Over the last decade, there has been a dramatic development in this field. This narrative review focuses on the principle of smartphon...

    Authors: Usama Iqbal
    Citation: International Journal of Retina and Vitreous 2021 7:44
    Content type: Review Published on:

  35. To develop and validate a questionnaire for the investigation of non-adherence (NA) barriers in patients receiving intravitreal injection (IVT).

    Authors: Sabrina Müller, Sophia Junker, Thomas Wilke, Albrecht Lommatzsch, Alexander K. Schuster, Hakan Kaymak, Christoph Ehlken and Focke Ziemssen
    Citation: International Journal of Retina and Vitreous 2021 7:43
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  36. The aim of this paper is to present a novel bimanual double aspiration technique to avoid intraoperative giant tear slippage. The major problem of giant retinal tears (GRT) surgery is the mobility of the poste...

    Authors: Javier Placeres Daban, Daniel Artieda García, Sebastian Yaluff Portilla and José Isidro Belda Sanchís
    Citation: International Journal of Retina and Vitreous 2021 7:42
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  37. To report a case of unilateral acute posterior multifocal placoid pigment epitheliopathy (APMPPE) in a Hispanic convalescent COVID-19 female patient.

    Authors: Francisco Olguín-Manríquez, Linda Cernichiaro-Espinosa, Arturo Olguín-Manríquez, Rebeca Manríquez-Arias, Erick Omar Flores-Villalobos and Perla Ayumi Kawakami-Campos
    Citation: International Journal of Retina and Vitreous 2021 7:41
    Content type: Case report Published on:

  38. Idiopathic epiretinal membrane (iERM) is a common retinal disease in the elderly population. The exact pathogenesis of iERM is unknown. The present study aimed to evaluate the relationship between aqueous flar...

    Authors: Yasuko Ikegami, Jiro Numaga, Saori Ue and Tomohiro Sano
    Citation: International Journal of Retina and Vitreous 2021 7:40
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  39. To evaluate the results of pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) and silicone oil (SO) tamponade with or without encircling scleral band for repair of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) in children with buphthalmos.

    Authors: Hammouda Hamdy Ghoraba, Sameh Mohamed El Gouhary, Ali Ahmed Ali Ghali, Mohamed Ahmed Abdelhafez, Adel Galal Zaky, Mahmoud Leila, Mohamed Amin Heikal and Hosam Othman Mansour
    Citation: International Journal of Retina and Vitreous 2021 7:39
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  40. The purpose of the current study is to report the anatomical and functional results of off-label human amniotic membrane graft as primary intervention to repair large to giant macular holes and in reoperations...

    Authors: Magno A. Ferreira, André Maia, André J. Machado, Raquel E. A. Ferreira, Luiz Felipe Hagemann, Pedro Hélio E. Ribeiro Júnior and Flávio A. Rezende
    Citation: International Journal of Retina and Vitreous 2021 7:38
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  41. Intraocular inflammation is an uncommon but potentially vision-threatening adverse event related to anti-VEGF therapy. This is of increasing importance given both the volume of injections performed, as well as...

    Authors: William J. Anderson, Natasha Ferreira Santos da Cruz, Luiz Henrique Lima, Geoffrey G. Emerson, Eduardo Büchele Rodrigues and Gustavo Barreto Melo
    Citation: International Journal of Retina and Vitreous 2021 7:37
    Content type: Review Published on:

  42. To analyze the relationship between the central foveal thickness (CFT) and the integrity of the ellipsoid portion of inner segments (EPIS) and interdigitating zone (IZ) retinal layers in the visual outcome of ...

    Authors: Carlos Alvarez-Guzman, Andres Bustamante-Arias, Maria F. Colorado-Zavala and Alejandro Rodriguez-Garcia
    Citation: International Journal of Retina and Vitreous 2021 7:36
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  43. The main purpose of this study is to compare the vitreous hemorrhage (VH) score reduction and visual acuity outcomes in patients with VH secondary to proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) treated with intra...

    Authors: Danilo Moyses Jorge, José Edísio da Silva Tavares Neto, Omero Benedicto Poli-Neto, Ingrid U. Scott and Rodrigo Jorge
    Citation: International Journal of Retina and Vitreous 2021 7:35
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  44. Pemigatinib is an inhibitor of the fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR), recently approved for the treatment of cholangiocarcinoma. FGFR retinopathy is a newly recognized entity, with only two other FGFR i...

    Authors: Oleg Alekseev, Effy Ojuok and Scott Cousins
    Citation: International Journal of Retina and Vitreous 2021 7:34
    Content type: Case report Published on:

  45. Fibrin glue is an absorbable blood-derived product, a biological tissue adhesive which imitates the final stages of the coagulation cascade, it produces a firm clot, forming a seal along the whole length of th...

    Authors: Gabriela Lopezcarasa-Hernandez, Jose-Francisco Perez-Vazquez, Jose-Luis Guerrero-Naranjo and Maria A. Martinez-Castellanos
    Citation: International Journal of Retina and Vitreous 2021 7:33
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  46. To compare imaging modalities for visualizing primary epiretinal membrane (ERM) with each other and with intraoperative digital images (IDI) after blue staining.

    Authors: Elise Philippakis, Raphaël Thouvenin, Sarra Gattoussi, Aude Couturier and Ramin Tadayoni
    Citation: International Journal of Retina and Vitreous 2021 7:32
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  47. The surgical indication for lamellar macular holes (LMH) is controversial due to a misclassification of different macular diseases. A consensus based on an optical coherence tomography (OCT) definition has rec...

    Authors: Ismael Chehaibou, Elise Philippakis, Valérie Mané, Carlo Lavia, Aude Couturier, Alain Gaudric and Ramin Tadayoni
    Citation: International Journal of Retina and Vitreous 2021 7:31
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  48. Diabetic retinopathy (DR), a microvascular complication of diabetes, is the leading cause of visual impairment in people aged 20–65 years and can go undetected until vision is irreversibly lost. There is a nee...

    Authors: David S. Boyer, Joerg F. Rippmann, Michael S. Ehrlich, Remko A. Bakker, Victor Chong and Quan Dong Nguyen
    Citation: International Journal of Retina and Vitreous 2021 7:30
    Content type: Review Published on:

  49. The following is a response to the recent review article by Girsang and colleagues (Int J Retina Vitreous. 2020;6:46), who describe concept and application of relaxing radial retinectomy for retinal detachment...

    Authors: Anna Grabowska, James E. Neffendorf and Tom H. Williamson
    Citation: International Journal of Retina and Vitreous 2021 7:29
    Content type: Letter to the Editor Published on:

  50. To test the effectiveness of a new, innovative, single-use handheld ‘cryopen’ (CryoTreq®), which has been developed and marketed by Vitreq.

    Authors: Peter Stalmans, Joris Vander Mijnsbrugge, Filip D’Hollander and Rita Van Ginderdeuren
    Citation: International Journal of Retina and Vitreous 2021 7:28
    Content type: Original article Published on:


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International Journal of Retina and Vitreous

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