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  1. To compare the recurrence rate and need for reoperation after epiretinal membrane surgery with and without removal of the internal limiting membrane.

    Authors: Fernando José De Novelli, Mauro Goldbaum, Mario Luiz Ribeiro Monteiro, Fabio Bom Aggio, Mario Junqueira Nóbrega and Walter Yukihiko Takahashi
    Citation: International Journal of Retina and Vitreous 2017 3:48
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  2. To compare the primary anatomical outcome of pars plana vitrectomy, 360° peripheral endolaser, and 15% octafluoropropane C3F8 gas tamponade in patients with uncomplicated rhegmatogenous detachment and inferior re...

    Authors: Radwan Ajlan, Jordan Isenberg, Ghassan Cordahi, Renaud Duval, Sébastien Olivier and Flavio Rezende
    Citation: International Journal of Retina and Vitreous 2017 3:47
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  4. Here we present procedural and safety results from our initial experience using 3D heads-up vitrectomy for retinal detachment surgery. The comparison with our outcomes from previous standard surgery shows how ...

    Authors: Michele Coppola, Carlo La Spina, Alessandro Rabiolo, Giuseppe Querques and Francesco Bandello
    Citation: International Journal of Retina and Vitreous 2017 3:46
    Content type: Letter to the Editor Published on:

  5. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) has become an invaluable tool in retinoblastoma management, providing submillimeter visualization of tumor control following treatment. Herein, we document OCT-detection of a...

    Authors: Vera Yarovaya, Kareem Sioufi and Carol L. Shields
    Citation: International Journal of Retina and Vitreous 2017 3:43
    Content type: Case report Published on:

  6. To review long time treatment results in patients with small or medium sized choroidal melanoma who underwent surgical tumor endoresection as a primary treatment when plaque radiotherapy was unable and patient...

    Authors: Andre A. C. Vidoris, Andre Maia, Marcia Lowen, Melina Morales, Jordan Isenberg, Bruno F. Fernandes and Rubens N. Belfort
    Citation: International Journal of Retina and Vitreous 2017 3:42
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  7. Subretinal cell transplantation is a challenging surgical maneuver. This paper describes the preliminary findings of a new tissue injector for subretinal implantation of an ultrathin non-absorbable substrate ...

    Authors: Rodrigo A. Brant Fernandes, Francisco R. Stefanini, Paulo Falabella, Michael J. Koss, Trent Wells, Bruno Diniz, Ramiro Ribeiro, Paulo Schor, Mauricio Maia, Fernando M. Penha, David R. Hinton, Yu-Chong Tai and Mark Humayun
    Citation: International Journal of Retina and Vitreous 2017 3:41
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  8. Ophthalmic artery chemosurgery [OAC, intra-arterial chemotherapy (IAC)] was introduced in 2006 as treatment modality for intraocular retinoblastoma. The purpose of this commentary is to retrospectively review ...

    Authors: David H. Abramson, Carol L. Shields, Pascal Jabbour, Luiz Fernando Teixeira, José Roberto Falco Fonseca, Marcio Chaves Pedro Marques, Francis L. Munier, Francesco Puccinelli, Theodora Hadjistilianou, Sandra Bracco, Guillermo Chantada, Alejandro Ceciliano and Y. Pierre Gobin
    Citation: International Journal of Retina and Vitreous 2017 3:40
    Content type: Commentary Published on:

  9. After the publication of this article [1], we were made aware that the osmolarity of aflibercept (Eylea) was incorrect and should have been 286 mOsm and not 1000 mOsm. The correct version of Table 1 is shown in t...

    Authors: Bianka Sobolewska, Peter Heiduschka, Karl‑Ulrich Bartz‑Schmidt and Focke Ziemssen
    Citation: International Journal of Retina and Vitreous 2017 3:45
    Content type: Correction Published on:

    The original article was published in International Journal of Retina and Vitreous 2017 3:22

  10. Susac’s syndrome (SuS) is an uncommon disease characterized by retinal microangiopathy that may be assessed more accurately with optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA), a new imaging technique which p...

    Authors: Alexandre G. B. Azevedo, Luiz H. Lima, Léo Müller, Flávio Rezende Filho, Cláudio Zett, André Maia and Luiz Roisman
    Citation: International Journal of Retina and Vitreous 2017 3:39
    Content type: Case report Published on:

  11. To report our experience using 27-gauge pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) system for treating patients with combined tractional and rhegmatogenous retinal detachments (CTRRD) involving the macula associated with pro...

    Authors: Yousef J. Cruz-Iñigo and María H. Berrocal
    Citation: International Journal of Retina and Vitreous 2017 3:38
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  12. Pathologic myopia is associated with degenerative changes of the globe, especially at the posterior pole. Eyes affected by pathologic myopia have higher odds to undergo posterior segment surgery and, in those ...

    Authors: Michele Coppola, Alessandro Rabiolo, Maria Vittoria Cicinelli, Giuseppe Querques and Francesco Bandello
    Citation: International Journal of Retina and Vitreous 2017 3:37
    Content type: Review Published on:

  13. Methanol toxicity poses a significant public health problem in developing countries, and in Southeast Asia, where the most common source of poisoning is via adulterated liquor in local drinks. Methanol toxici...

    Authors: Kendra A. Klein, Alexis K. Warren, Caroline R. Baumal and Thomas R. Hedges III
    Citation: International Journal of Retina and Vitreous 2017 3:36
    Content type: Case report Published on:

  14. Incontinentia pigmenti is a rare X-linked dominant syndrome caused by mutation in the NEMO/IKKgamma gene, and characterized by a spectrum of cutaneous, ocular, neurologic and dental abnormalities. In the eye, ...

    Authors: Stephanie J. Weiss, Archana Srinivasan, Michael A. Klufas and Carol L. Shields
    Citation: International Journal of Retina and Vitreous 2017 3:34
    Content type: Case report Published on:

  15. Retinal dystrophies constitute a group of diseases characterized by clinical variability and pronounced genetic heterogeneity. Retinitis pigmentosa is the most common subtype of hereditary retinal dystrophy an...

    Authors: Kárita Antunes Costa, Mariana Vallim Salles, Chris Whitebirch, John Chiang and Juliana Maria Ferraz Sallum
    Citation: International Journal of Retina and Vitreous 2017 3:33
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  16. This is a review of a book entitled, “Anti-VEGF Use in Ophthalmology,” written by Jay Duker, MD and Michelle Liang, MD. It is an excellent description of the history and development of anti-VEGF agents as wel...

    Authors: Robin A. Vora
    Citation: International Journal of Retina and Vitreous 2017 3:35
    Content type: Commentary Published on:

  17. This paper describes a modified surgical technique for intraocular lens implantation in aphakic eyes with no capsular support.

    Authors: Fernando José De Novelli, Theodomiro Lourenço Garrido Neto, Gabriel de Sena Rabelo, Marcel Eduardo Blumer, Ricardo Suzuki and Ramon Coral Ghanem
    Citation: International Journal of Retina and Vitreous 2017 3:32
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  18. Retinal and choroidal neovascularization are a major cause of significant visual impairment, worldwide. Understanding the various factors involved in the accompanying physiopathology is vital for development o...

    Authors: Thiago Cabral, Luiz Guilherme M. Mello, Luiz H. Lima, Júlia Polido, Caio V. Regatieri, Rubens Belfort Jr. and Vinit B. Mahajan
    Citation: International Journal of Retina and Vitreous 2017 3:31
    Content type: Review Published on:

  19. Retinoblastoma is considered the most common intraocular malignancy in childhood, comprising 4% of all pediatric cancers. Management of retinoblastoma has evolved over the past two decades and intra-ophthalmic...

    Authors: Camila V. Ventura, Audina M. Berrocal, Jennifer Thomson, Fiona J. Ehlies, Azeema Latiff and Timothy G. Murray
    Citation: International Journal of Retina and Vitreous 2017 3:30
    Content type: Case report Published on:

  20. To correlate retina-choroidal anatomy as assessed via swept-source OCT (SS-OCT) with retinal function as determined by best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and multifocal electroretinogram (mfERG).

    Authors: Ignacio Flores-Moreno, Luis Arias-Barquet, Marcos J. Rubio-Caso, Alex Muñoz-Blanco, María Vidal-Martí, Jaume Catala-Mora, José M. Ruiz-Moreno, Jay S. Duker and Josep M. Caminal
    Citation: International Journal of Retina and Vitreous 2017 3:29
    Content type: Original Article Published on:

  21. To assess normal vessel flow density (VFD) in macular and peripapillary regions of eyes with no known ocular pathology using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA).

    Authors: Muhammad Hassan, Mohammad Ali Sadiq, Muhammad Sohail Halim, Rubbia Afridi, Mohamed K. Soliman, Salman Sarwar, Aniruddha Agarwal, Diana V. Do, Quan Dong Nguyen and Yasir Jamal Sepah
    Citation: International Journal of Retina and Vitreous 2017 3:27
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  22. To report the incidence and clinical features of patients that experienced un-explained visual loss following silicone oil (SO) removal.

    Authors: Jose A. Roca, Lihteh Wu, Maria Berrocal, Francisco Rodriguez, Arturo Alezzandrini, Gustavo Alvira, Raul Velez-Montoya, Hugo Quiroz-Mercado, J. Fernando Arevalo, Martín Serrano, Luiz H. Lima, Marta Figueroa, Michel Farah and Giovanna Chico
    Citation: International Journal of Retina and Vitreous 2017 3:26
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  23. To evaluate artifacts in macular ganglion cell inner plexiform layer (GCIPL) thickness measurement in eyes with retinal pathology using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD OCT).

    Authors: Rayan A. Alshareef, Abhilash Goud, Mikel Mikhail, Hady Saheb, Hari Kumar Peguda, Sunila Dumpala, Shruthi Rapole and Jay Chhablani
    Citation: International Journal of Retina and Vitreous 2017 3:25
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  24. To report the clinical, electrophysiological and the anatomical findings in a patient with Kearns–Sayre syndrome (KSS).

    Authors: Alvaro Ortiz, Juan Arias, Pedro Cárdenas, John Villamil, Marcela Peralta, Luis C. Escaf and Jacobo Ortiz
    Citation: International Journal of Retina and Vitreous 2017 3:24
    Content type: Case report Published on:

  25. Intravitreal injection (IVI) is a very common vitreoretinal procedure, and multiple injections are often required per patient. This systematic review was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of various loca...

    Authors: Helio Francisco Shiroma, Augusto Key Karazawa Takaschima, Michel Eid Farah, Ana Luisa Höfling-Lima, Graziela de Luca Canto, Roberto Henrique Benedetti and Eduardo Buchele Rodrigues
    Citation: International Journal of Retina and Vitreous 2017 3:23
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  26. The aim of the study was to measure pH changes of the human vitreous caused by the intravitreal drugs bevacizumab, ranibizumab, aflibercept, and ziv-aflibercept.

    Authors: Bianka Sobolewska, Peter Heiduschka, Karl-Ulrich Bartz-Schmidt and Focke Ziemssen
    Citation: International Journal of Retina and Vitreous 2017 3:22
    Content type: Original article Published on:

    The Correction to this article has been published in International Journal of Retina and Vitreous 2017 3:45

  27. Central vision loss in diabetic retinopathy is commonly related to diabetic macular edema (DME). The objective of this study was to describe changes between consecutive visits on optical coherence tomography a...

    Authors: Aditya Gill, Emily D. Cole, Eduardo A. Novais, Ricardo N. Louzada, Talisa de Carlo, Jay S. Duker, Nadia K. Waheed, Caroline R. Baumal and Andre J. Witkin
    Citation: International Journal of Retina and Vitreous 2017 3:19
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  28. To compare the multimodal imaging findings of chronic central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) patients who are good or poor responders to low-fluence photodynamic therapy (PDT).

    Authors: Abdullah Ozkaya, Ruveyde Garip, Zeynep Alkin and Muhittin Taskapili
    Citation: International Journal of Retina and Vitreous 2017 3:20
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  30. This study retrospectively analyzed outcomes for patients undergoing gamma knife radiosurgery (GKR) for uveal melanoma (UM) and intraocular metastases.

    Authors: Margaret M. Reynolds, Andrea L. Arnett, Ian F. Parney, Ravi Kumar, Nadia N. Laack, Patrick R. Maloney, Timothy F. Kozelsky, Yolanda I. Garces, Robert L. Foote and Jose S. Pulido
    Citation: International Journal of Retina and Vitreous 2017 3:17
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  31. To analyse morphologic features of the choroid in Non-pathological myopic eyes using spectral-domain (SD) optical coherence tomography (OCT).

    Authors: Rayan A. Alshareef, Mohammed K. Khuthaila, Manideepak Januwada, Abhilash Goud, Daniela Ferrara and Jay Chhablani
    Citation: International Journal of Retina and Vitreous 2017 3:28
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  32. Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the leading cause of blindness in the western world. As a consequence of AMD, patients develop structural damage that comprises the fovea and subsequently present loss...

    Authors: Juan Abel Ramírez Estudillo, Mario Isaías León Higuera, Sergio Rojas Juárez, Maria de Lourdes Ordaz Vera, Yessica Pablo Santana and Benito Celis Suazo
    Citation: International Journal of Retina and Vitreous 2017 3:21
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  34. To assess foveal microstructural changes influencing retinal sensitivity (RS) and fixation stability using microperimeter MP-1 in intermediate age-related macular degeneration (AMD).

    Authors: Serena Fragiotta, Carmela Carnevale, Alessandro Cutini and Enzo Maria Vingolo
    Citation: International Journal of Retina and Vitreous 2017 3:8
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  35. To evaluate the concentration of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in aqueous humor after a single intravitreal injection of bevacizumab (IVB) in eyes with neovascular age-related macular degeneration...

    Authors: Thiago Cabral, Luiz H. Lima, Júlia Polido, Jimmy Duong, Érika Okuda, Akiyoshi Oshima, Pedro Serracarbassa, Caio V. Regatieri and Rubens Belfort Jr
    Citation: International Journal of Retina and Vitreous 2017 3:6
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  36. To determine the occurrence of macular edema (ME) in vitreoretinal lymphoma (VRL).

    Authors: Elisa Carreras, Diva R. Salomão, Jeroni Nadal, Sejal R. Amin, Harish Raja, Thomas J. Grube, Ryan L. Geraets, Patrick B. Johnston, Brian P. O’Neill and Jose S. Pulido
    Citation: International Journal of Retina and Vitreous 2017 3:15
    Content type: Review Published on:

  37. To evaluate the characteristics and racial variations amongst patients with polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV) in the United States and the United Kingdom.

    Authors: Tarek Alasil, Nelida Munoz, Pearse A. Keane, Adnan Tufail, Patrick A. Coady, Eduardo Novais, Talisa E. de Carlo, Caroline R. Baumal, Nadia K. Waheed, Jay S. Duker and Ron A. Adelman
    Citation: International Journal of Retina and Vitreous 2017 3:9
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  38. Post typhoid fever immune related reactions affecting the eye is a rare finding which can have various presentations in which typhoid retinopathy is not a well recognized sequelae.

    Authors: M. Prabhushanker, Tasneem T. Topiwalla, Geetha Ganesan and Sripal Appandaraj
    Citation: International Journal of Retina and Vitreous 2017 3:11
    Content type: Case report Published on:

  41. The white dot syndromes (WDS) are a diverse group of posterior uveitidies that share similar clinical findings but are unique from one another. Multimodal imaging has allowed us to better understand the morpho...

    Authors: Meisha L. Raven, Alexander L. Ringeisen, Yoshihiro Yonekawa, Maxwell S. Stem, Lisa J. Faia and Justin L. Gottlieb
    Citation: International Journal of Retina and Vitreous 2017 3:12
    Content type: Review Published on:

  42. In diabetic retinopathy (DR), macular involvement can present as either macular edema or ischemia. Fluorescein angiography remains the gold standard in the evaluation of retinal vascular perfusion and diagnosi...

    Authors: Jose Mauricio Botto de Barros Garcia, David Leonardo Cruvinel Isaac and Marcos Avila
    Citation: International Journal of Retina and Vitreous 2017 3:14
    Content type: Review Published on:

  43. The eye is one of the most sensitive organs to sulfur mustard (SM) [C4H8Cl2S], and preliminary symptoms of exposure usually become evident in the eyes. In this study we aim to evaluate the possible long-term reti...

    Authors: Nasser Shoeibi, Mir Naghi Mousavi, Mahdi Balali-Mood, Mohammad Moshiri, Emadodin Darchini-Maragheh, Seyed Reza Mousavi and Mojtaba Abrishami
    Citation: International Journal of Retina and Vitreous 2017 3:7
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  44. To compare a near decade of follow-up, newer control cohort data, use of both the societal and third party insurer cost perspectives, and integration of unilateral/bilateral therapy on the comparative effecti...

    Authors: Gary C. Brown, Melissa M. Brown, Heidi B. Lieske, Adam Turpcu and Yamina Rajput
    Citation: International Journal of Retina and Vitreous 2017 3:5
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  45. Arthropod-borne viruses, or arboviruses, are viruses that are transmitted through the bites of mosquitoes and ticks. There are numerous arboviruses throughout the world capable of causing human disease spannin...

    Authors: Gabriel Costa de Andrade, Camila V. Ventura, Paulo Augusto de Arruda Mello Filho, Maurício Maia, Silvana Vianello and Eduardo Büchele Rodrigues
    Citation: International Journal of Retina and Vitreous 2017 3:4
    Content type: Review Published on:

  46. Classic retinitis pigmentosa (RP) and other syndromic variants have previously been associated to Fuchs’ heterochromic iridocyclitis (FHI). Common immunogenic and inflammatory pathways have been proposed to ex...

    Authors: Gian Franco Díez-Cattini, David Arturo Ancona-Lezama, Carlos Valdés-Lara and Virgilio Morales-Cantón
    Citation: International Journal of Retina and Vitreous 2017 3:3
    Content type: Case report Published on:

  47. To describe a wide array of peripheral vascular changes using fluorescein angiography in preterm neonates, without high risk characteristics for developing retinopathy of prematurity, that were exposed to high...

    Authors: Maria Ana Martinez-Castellanos, Raul Velez-Montoya, Kenneth Price, Andree Henaine-Berra, Gerardo García-Aguirre, Virgilio Morales-Canton and Linda Alejandra Cernichiaro-Espinosa
    Citation: International Journal of Retina and Vitreous 2017 3:2
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  48. Biomarker”, a merged word of “biological marker”, refers to a broad subcategory of medical signs that objectively indicate the state of health, and well-being of an individual. Biomarkers hold great promise fo...

    Authors: Prateep Phadikar, Sandeep Saxena, Surabhi Ruia, Timothy Y. Y. Lai, Carsten H. Meyer and Dean Eliott
    Citation: International Journal of Retina and Vitreous 2017 3:1
    Content type: Review Published on:

  50. There have been many advances in vitreoretinal surgery since Machemer introduced the concept of pars plana vitrectomy, in 1971. Of particular interest are the changes in the vitrectomy cutters, their fluidics ...

    Authors: Paulo Ricardo Chaves de Oliveira, Alan Richard Berger and David Robert Chow
    Citation: International Journal of Retina and Vitreous 2016 2:28
    Content type: Review Published on:


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