Table 1 Summarized clinical and multimodal imaging aspects of patients
From: Multimodal imaging for paracentral acute maculopathy; the diagnostic role of en face OCT
Demographic | PAMM Association | Complaint | BCVA | OCT | OCTA | Projection artifact | Enface | Final BCVA | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Patient 1 | 42-year-old man | Cilioretinal artery occlusion (CILRAO) | Paracentral scotoma | 20/20 | The borders of the lesion revealed a hyper-reflective band involving INL with extension to inner plexiform layer | Superficial and deep capillary drop-out | + | Hyper-reflectivity in the distribution of cilioretinal artery | 20/20 |
Patient 2 | 33-year-old woman | Cilioretinal artery occlusion (CILRAO) | Paracentral scotoma | 20/20 | Hyper-reflective bands at the INL extended from inner plexiform to outer plexiform layers | Deep capillary drop-out | + | The confluent globular hyperreflective area in the territory of the cilioretinal artery | 20/20 |
Patient 3 | 56-year-old man | Branch retinal artery occlusion (BRAO) | Sudden visual loss | CF 2 m | The hyper-reflective band at the middle layers sparing more superficial layers of the retina except for the CWS region that showed involvement of both superficial and middle retinal layers | Superficial and deep capillary drop-out | + | A fern-like whitening as a hyper-reflective area more prominent around the venules around the site of the involved retinal artery | 20/400 |
Patient 4 | 63-year-old woman | Isolated PAMM | Sudden visual loss and altitudinal field defect | CF 2 m | Hyper-reflective band of the middle retinal layers | Deep capillary drop-out | + | Hyper-reflective area, most prominently around venules with relative sparing of arterioles, making a fern-like appearance | CF 2 m |
Patient 5 | 67-year-old woman | Non-ischemic CRVO and CILRAO | Sudden visual loss | CF 1 m | The area of cilioretinal hypoperfusion appeared to be hyper-reflective in both superficial and middle retinal layers while the lower border of the lesion appeared hyper-reflective solely in the middle layer | Superficial and deep capillary drop-out | + | Hyper-reflectivity in the distribution of cilioretinal artery, inferotemporal to the fovea, showed perivenular hyper-reflectivity with a fern-like appearance | 20/200 |