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  1. To evaluate the contribution of large-cube 30° × 25° optical coherence tomography (OCT) in the characterization of diabetic macular edema (DME) by assessing its extent and the presence of additional retinal ed...

    Authors: Amir Mahdjoubi, Youcef Bousnina, Fatma-Samia Bendib, Faiza Bensmaine, Wafa Idlefqih, Sadri Chahed and Amina Ghezzaz

    Citation: International Journal of Retina and Vitreous 2021 7:19

    Content type: Original article

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  2. The management of an outbreak of endophthalmitis associated with intravitreal bevacizumab represents a challenging real-time process involving identification of cases, treatment and mitigation measures during ...

    Authors: Alexander C. Barnes, Stephen L. Rathbun, Sanjana Kuthyar, G. Baker Hubbard III, Chris Bergstrom, Steven Yeh and Mohan N. Iyer

    Citation: International Journal of Retina and Vitreous 2021 7:18

    Content type: Original article

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  3. To explore the association of clinical characteristics and retinal microstructural features on optical coherence tomography in predicting 1-year visual response following intravitreal bevacizumab injections in...

    Authors: Janejit Choovuthayakorn, Apichat Tantraworasin, Phichayut Phinyo, Jayanton Patumanond, Paradee Kunavisarut, Titipol Srisomboon, Pawara Winaikosol, Direk Patikulsila, Voraporn Chaikitmongkol, Nawat Watanachai and Kessara Pathanapitoon

    Citation: International Journal of Retina and Vitreous 2021 7:17

    Content type: Original article

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  5. To evaluate changes in anterior segment morphology on anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) following pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) without tamponade.

    Authors: Alireza Khodabande, Massood Mohammadi, Hamid Riazi-Esfahani, Shahab Karami, Massood Mirghorbani and Bobeck S. Modjtahedi

    Citation: International Journal of Retina and Vitreous 2021 7:15

    Content type: Original article

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  6. Acute post-cataract endophthalmitis (APE) is a rare complication potentially causing irreversible visual loss. A 10-year study of APE was conducted to determine its incidence, microbiological spectra and antib...

    Authors: Juliana Mika Kato, Tatiana Tanaka, Luiza Manhezi Shin de Oliveira, Maura Salaroli de Oliveira, Flavia Rossi, Mauro Goldbaum, Sergio Luis Gianotti Pimentel, João Nóbrega de Almeida Junior and Joyce Hisae Yamamoto

    Citation: International Journal of Retina and Vitreous 2021 7:14

    Content type: Original article

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  7. To describe the features of multimodal imaging and the diagnostic role of en face OCT in the paracentral acute middle maculopathy (PAMM) spectrum.

    Authors: Hamid Riazi-Esfahani, Elias Khalili Pour, Kaveh Fadakar, Nazanin Ebrahimiadib, Fariba Ghassemi, Ramin Nourinia, Hassan Khojasteh, Behnoosh Attarian, Hooshang Faghihi and Hamid Ahmadieh

    Citation: International Journal of Retina and Vitreous 2021 7:13

    Content type: Original article

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  10. The aim of this article is to report a rare case in which a patient presented symptomatic silicon oil brain migration, documented by MRI, several years after vitreoretinal surgery.

    Authors: Thiago José Muniz Machado Mazzeo, Gabriel Almeida Veiga Jacob, Paulo Henrique Horizonte, Henrique Monteiro Leber and André Marcelo Vieira Gomes

    Citation: International Journal of Retina and Vitreous 2021 7:10

    Content type: Case report

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  11. To investigate risk factors, imaging characteristics, and treatment responses of cystoid macular edema (CME) after rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) repair.

    Authors: Cameron Pole, Ismael Chehaibou, Andrea Govetto, Sean Garrity, Steven D. Schwartz and Jean-Pierre Hubschman

    Citation: International Journal of Retina and Vitreous 2021 7:9

    Content type: Original article

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  13. Clinical studies have shown that epiretinal membranes (ERM) as well as abnormalities of the central foveal bouquet (CB) can be classified in different stages according to their morphological appearance. Furthe...

    Authors: Max P. Brinkmann, Stephan Michels, Carolin Brinkmann, Felix Rommel, Mahdy Ranjbar, Nicole Graf Johansen and Matthias Becker

    Citation: International Journal of Retina and Vitreous 2021 7:7

    Content type: Original article

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  14. POEMS (polyneuropathy, organomegaly, endocrinopathy, myeloma protein, skin changes) syndrome is a rare blood disorder with multi-system involvement. The cause is unknown. It is marked by elevated plasma cells,...

    Authors: Andrew Rising Carey and Praveen Jeyaseelan

    Citation: International Journal of Retina and Vitreous 2021 7:6

    Content type: Case report

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  15. Laser ablation of the avascular peripheral retina has been the standard method of ROP treatment. Intravitreal anti-VEGF is useful in the management of ROP patients, especially for aggressive posterior ROP. How...

    Authors: Fatemeh Bazvand, Hamid Riazi-Esfahani, Ahmad Mirshahi, Alireza Khodabande, Hasan Khojastheh, Afsar Dastjani Farahani, Ramak Roohipourmoallai, Marjan Imani, Hooshang Faghihi, Nazanin Ebrahimi Adib and Mohammadreza Mehrabi Bahar

    Citation: International Journal of Retina and Vitreous 2021 7:5

    Content type: Original article

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  16. Diabetic macular edema (DME) is a major cause of visual impairment and its treatment is a public health challenge. Even though anti-angiogenic drugs are the gold-standard treatment, they are not ideal and subt...

    Authors: Renato M. Passos, Fernando K. Malerbi, Marindia Rocha, Maurício Maia and Michel E. Farah

    Citation: International Journal of Retina and Vitreous 2021 7:4

    Content type: Original article

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  17. To report the observation of the choriocapillaris island (CCI) on optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) in eyes with active central serous chorioretinopathy (CSCR), and to investigate its associated ...

    Authors: Rania G. Estawro, Alaa E. Fayed, Teresa K. Gerges and Dina N. Baddar

    Citation: International Journal of Retina and Vitreous 2021 7:3

    Content type: Original article

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  18. To describe the incidence, clinical characteristics, and treatment outcomes of endophthalmitis after pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) with recycled single-use devices. The recommended sterilization process as well ...

    Authors: Sukhum Silpa-archa, Kwanchanoke Kumsiang and Janine M. Preble

    Citation: International Journal of Retina and Vitreous 2021 7:2

    Content type: Original article

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  19. Classic serpiginous choroiditis (SC) usually begins in the peripapillary area and spreads centrifugally, however, in some patients, the lesion can arise in the macular region. An association between lesions re...

    Authors: Raul N. G. Vianna, Vinicius Vanzan, Maria Luisa Gois da Fonsêca and Leonardo Cravo

    Citation: International Journal of Retina and Vitreous 2021 7:1

    Content type: Case report

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  20. To report normal values of macular and choroidal thickness obtained from a healthy Hispanic population using Optovue (Optovue Inc, Freemont CA, USA) spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT).

    Authors: Diana A. Cortés, Daniela Roca, Pedro Iván Navarro and Francisco J. Rodríguez

    Citation: International Journal of Retina and Vitreous 2020 6:66

    Content type: Original article

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  21. The authors have retracted this article [1] for legal reasons. Therefore the contents of this article are no longer available. The authors have been invited to submit a new version of the article. All authors ...

    Authors: Mohammad Ali Sadiq, Muhammad Sohail Halim, Muha mmad Hassan, Neil Onghanseng, Irmak Karaca, Aniruddha Agarwal, Rubbia Afridi, Yasir J. Sepah, Diana V. Do and Quan Dong Nguyen

    Citation: International Journal of Retina and Vitreous 2020 6:65

    Content type: Retraction Note

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    The original article was published in International Journal of Retina and Vitreous 2020 6:29

  23. To compare the therapeutic effects of subthreshold micropulse laser (SML) versus intravitreal injection of ranibizumab in treatment of diabetic macular edema (DME) both anatomically using optical coherence tom...

    Authors: Amr Abdelrahman, Wagiha Massoud, Ahmed Mohamed Kamal Elshafei, Mahmoud Genidy and Raafat Mohyeldeen Abdelrahman Abdallah

    Citation: International Journal of Retina and Vitreous 2020 6:63

    Content type: Original article

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  24. To measure optic nerve head (ONH) blood perfusion using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) at various stages of diabetic retinopathy (DR).

    Authors: Fariba Ghassemi, Sahar Berijani, Ramak Roohipoor, Masoumeh Mohebbi, Ameneh Babeli, Alireza Gholizadeh and Siamak Sabour

    Citation: International Journal of Retina and Vitreous 2020 6:62

    Content type: Original article

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  25. Recent advances in optical coherence tomography (OCT) technology allow a more accurate choroidal visualization. The aim of this study is to provide histochemical analysis with induced fluorescence images of th...

    Authors: Raffaele Nuzzi, Federico Tridico, Alessandro Marchese and Francesco Bandello

    Citation: International Journal of Retina and Vitreous 2020 6:61

    Content type: Original article

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  26. Despite the constant refinement of techniques and surgical aids, extremely large and refractory macular holes continue to have poor surgical outcomes with the current standard of care. The objective of the pre...

    Authors: Sergio Rojas-Juárez, Javier Cisneros-Cortés, Abel Ramirez-Estudillo and Raul Velez-Montoya

    Citation: International Journal of Retina and Vitreous 2020 6:60

    Content type: Original article

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  27. Blood is one of the main absorbers in the near-infrared spectrum and thus retinal vessels appear dark in near-infrared reflectance (NIR) images. Proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) is characterized by abn...

    Authors: Sara Vaz-Pereira, Manuel Monteiro-Grillo and Michael Engelbert

    Citation: International Journal of Retina and Vitreous 2020 6:59

    Content type: Original article

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  28. The basis of retinal detachment repair is sealing the retinal breaks. In order to seal the retinal breaks, chorioretinal adhesion around these lesions has to be achieved. Laser retinopexy is not immediate thus...

    Authors: Mario Saravia, Luis Zeman and Alejandro Berra

    Citation: International Journal of Retina and Vitreous 2020 6:58

    Content type: Original article

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  29. Intravitreal injection of medications is one of the most common procedures performed in ophthalmology. Intravitreal anti-VEGF agents are currently the chosen treatment for ocular fundus diseases, including age...

    Authors: Renata Moreto, Francyne Veiga Cyrino and Rodrigo Jorge

    Citation: International Journal of Retina and Vitreous 2020 6:57

    Content type: Original article

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  30. To evaluate visual and safety outcomes for 25-gauge (25G) and 27-gauge (27G) micro-incision vitrectomy platforms (MIVS) for the treatment of epiretinal membrane and full-thickness macular holes.

    Authors: Gordon T. Brown, Sangeethabalasri Pugazhendhi, Robert M. Beardsley, John W. Karth, Peter A. Karth and Allan A. Hunter

    Citation: International Journal of Retina and Vitreous 2020 6:56

    Content type: Original article

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  32. Cat scratch disease is a systemic infectious illness caused by the bacterium Bartonella henselae. The most common ophthalmological involvement due to infection by Bartonella is Parinaud oculoglandular syndrome, w...

    Authors: Paulo Alberto Cervi Rosa, Luis Filipe Nakayama, Vinicius Campos Bergamo, Dante Akira Kondo Kuroiwa and Nilva Simeren Bueno de Moraes

    Citation: International Journal of Retina and Vitreous 2020 6:54

    Content type: Case report

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  33. To draw comparisons between spectral domain optic coherence tomography (SD-OCT) features of subretinal silicon oil (SO), perfluoro-n-octane (PFO) or C3F8 gas.

    Authors: Leandro Cabral Zacharias, Epitácio Dias da Silva Neto, Taurino dos Santos Rodrigues Neto, José Ronaldo Lima de Carvalho Júnior, Rony Carlos Preti, Leonardo Provetti Cunha, Tatiana Tanaka and Mário Luiz Ribeiro Monteiro

    Citation: International Journal of Retina and Vitreous 2020 6:53

    Content type: Original article

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  34. Retinal reattachment surgery requires clear visualization of the posterior segment for optimal outcomes. Select patients may benefit most from primary scleral buckling without vitrectomy, but lack adequate pos...

    Authors: Sean M. Platt and Andrew J. Barkmeier

    Citation: International Journal of Retina and Vitreous 2020 6:52

    Content type: Case report

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  35. To report the prevalence of uveal melanoma in a Hospital database in Brazil over the period of 16 years (2000 to 2016).

    Authors: Evandro Lucena, Daniel Cohen Goldemberg, Luiz Claudio Santos Thuler and Andreia Cristina de Melo

    Citation: International Journal of Retina and Vitreous 2020 6:51

    Content type: Original article

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  36. The aim of our study was to investigate a possible association between macular perfusion status and retinal ischemia and leakage up to far peripheral retinal areas in eyes with early to advanced stages of diab...

    Authors: Dorottya Hajdu, Aleksandra Sedova, Felix Datlinger, Julia Hafner, Irene Steiner, Katharina Kriechbaum, Christoph Scholda, Stefan Sacu, Ursula Schmidt-Erfurth and Andreas Pollreisz

    Citation: International Journal of Retina and Vitreous 2020 6:50

    Content type: Original article

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  37. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the area of retinal neovascularization in patients with treatment-naïve proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) as measured by optical coherence tomography angiograph...

    Authors: Anna Stage Vergmann, Kristian Tølbøl Sørensen, Thomas Lee Torp, Ryo Kawasaki, Tien Wong, Tunde Peto and Jakob Grauslund

    Citation: International Journal of Retina and Vitreous 2020 6:49

    Content type: Original article

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  38. Retinal vascular diseases such as neovascular age-related macular degeneration, diabetic retinopathy and/or diabetic macular edema, and retinal vein occlusion with macular edema—share several key pathophysiolo...

    Authors: Quan Dong Nguyen, Jeffrey S. Heier, Diana V. Do, Adam C. Mirando, Niranjan B. Pandey, Huan Sheng and Theresa Heah

    Citation: International Journal of Retina and Vitreous 2020 6:48

    Content type: Review

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  39. Although fluorescein angiography (FA) is a frequently used imaging modality in patients with non-infectious uveitis (NIU), it has not been reliably used for objective assessment of posterior segment inflammato...

    Authors: Mohammad Ali Sadiq, Muhammad Hassan, Rubbia Afridi, Muhammad Sohail Halim, Diana V. Do, Yasir J. Sepah and Quan Dong Nguyen

    Citation: International Journal of Retina and Vitreous 2020 6:47

    Content type: Original article

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  40. To revisit the concept of retinectomy and the theory of mechanical forces on the retina occurring in rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) and to describe the potential application of radial retinectomy in R...

    Authors: Waldensius Girsang, Dwi C. R. Sari, Wahyu Srigutomo, Tjahjono D. Gondhowiardjo and Muhammad B. Sasongko

    Citation: International Journal of Retina and Vitreous 2020 6:46

    Content type: Review

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  42. Since the beginning of the Internet, new ways of providing medical education have emerged. Social media networks are one of the most influential communication tools and allow content sharing, collaborative mod...

    Authors: Ricardo Luz Leitão Guerra

    Citation: International Journal of Retina and Vitreous 2020 6:44

    Content type: Commentary

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  43. Conventional vitrectomy technique for macular hole surgery has a good outcome in small and medium macular holes, but for very large macular holes (minimum linear diameter higher than 700 μm) other techniques w...

    Authors: José Edísio da Silva Tavares Neto, Igor Neves Coelho, Rodrigo Jorge, David Leonardo Cruvinel Isaac and Marcos Pereira de Ávila

    Citation: International Journal of Retina and Vitreous 2020 6:43

    Content type: Original article

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  44. Visualization during scleral buckling is traditionally achieved via indirect ophthalmoscopy. Recent advances have utilized the surgical microscope and a 25 gauge cannula-based endoillumination system, also kno...

    Authors: Joshua S. Agranat, Vivian P. Douglas, Konstantinos A. A. Douglas and John B. Miller

    Citation: International Journal of Retina and Vitreous 2020 6:42

    Content type: Original article

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  45. To evaluate the effectiveness of face up position (FUP) following pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) and silicone oil injection in cases of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) with multiple peripheral and inferio...

    Authors: Amr Mohammed Elsayed Abdelkader and Hossam Youssef Abouelkheir

    Citation: International Journal of Retina and Vitreous 2020 6:41

    Content type: Original article

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  46. Anti-angiogenic drugs remain the mainstay therapy for several vascular retinal pathologies. The repurposing of approved anti-angiogenic drugs for use in ophthalmology can increase therapeutic options and reduc...

    Authors: Jarbas Emílio de Moraes Neto, Felipe Pereira, Raquel Leão Neves, Nilana Meza Tenório de Barros, Cristiane Damas Gil, Arthur Gustavo Fernandes, Sung Eun Song Watanabe, Carsten Helmut Meyer, Michel Eid Farah and Eduardo Buchele Rodrigues

    Citation: International Journal of Retina and Vitreous 2020 6:40

    Content type: Original article

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  47. The short-term effects of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) treatment on macular neovascularization (MNV) morphology is well described, but long-term studies on morphologic changes and correl...

    Authors: Emily S. Levine, Eugenia Custo Greig, Luísa S. M. Mendonça, Shilpa Gulati, Ivana N. Despotovic, A. Yasin Alibhai, Eric Moult, Nora Muakkassa, Maddalena Quaranta-El Maftouhi, Adil El Maftouhi, Usha Chakravarthy, James G. Fujimoto, Caroline R. Baumal, Andre J. Witkin, Jay S. Duker, M. Elizabeth Hartnett…

    Citation: International Journal of Retina and Vitreous 2020 6:39

    Content type: Original article

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  48. To provide information on the effects of phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5) inhibitors on choroidal vessels and central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) and possible implications for development of exudative age-re...

    Authors: Natasha Ferreira Santos da Cruz, Murilo Ubukata Polizelli, Laís Maia Cezar, Emmerson B. Cardoso, Fernando Penha, Michel Eid Farah, Eduardo B. Rodrigues and Eduardo A. Novais

    Citation: International Journal of Retina and Vitreous 2020 6:38

    Content type: Review

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  49. We reviewed our experience in the management of cataract and idiopatic epiretinal membrane surgeries at the Humanitas Research Institute–Milan, Italy- over the past 3 years.

    Authors: Jose Luis Vallejo-Garcia, Mary Romano, Luca Pagano, Alessio Montericcio, Alfredo Borgia, Emanuela Morenghi and Paolo Vinciguerra

    Citation: International Journal of Retina and Vitreous 2020 6:37

    Content type: Original article

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  50. To evaluate the reliability of foveal avascular zone (FAZ) area measurements using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) in eyes with retinal vein occlusion (RVO).

    Authors: Bruno Mauricio Rodrigues de Oliveira, Luis Filipe Nakayama, Bruno Rebello de Godoy, Alexandre Gomes Bortoloti de Azevedo, Flavio Eduardo Hirai and Somaia Mitne

    Citation: International Journal of Retina and Vitreous 2020 6:35

    Content type: Original article

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