Fig. 5

Spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (OCT) radial scans of full-thickness macular hole (FTMH) over 400 µm in minimum linear diameter (MLD) show each hole size group. The measurements of the MLD, base linear diameter (BLD), and hole height (at the highest point around the hole) are shown. The macular hole index (MHI) is calculated by the ratio of height to BLD. The edge configuration is described as having a fluid cuff or being flat and the presence/absence of edematous cysts. Vitreomacular traction (VMT) and epiretinal membranes (ERMs) also are described. With increasing hole size, the fluid cuff and edematous cysts tend to disappear. A Radial scans centered on the FTMH are used to detect the largest MLD and presence of VMT. B Only one of the radial scans from A shows focal VMT in this primary X-large (XL) hole with a MLD of 659 µm, a BLD of 1153 µm, height of 496 µm, MHI of 0.43 with a fluid cuff and edematous cysts, and no ERM. C A primary large FTMH with a MLD of 476 µm, BLD of 957 µm, height of 448, MHI of 0.47, with a cuff and edematous cysts, no VMT, and no ERM. D A primary large FTMH with a MLD of 447 µm, BLD of 532 µm, height of 331 µm, MHI of 0.62, no cuff, no cysts, no VMT, and no ERM. E A primary XL hole with a MLD of 644 µm, BLD of 1493, height of 469 µm, MHI of 0.31, with cuff and cysts, no VMT, and no ERM. F A refractory XL hole with a MLD of 750 µm, BLD of 928 µm, height of 320 µm, MHI of 0.35, no cuff, no cysts, no VMT, and no ERM. G A refractory XXL hole with a MLD of 887 µm, BLD of 1145 µm, height of 293 µm, MHI of 0.26, with a cuff, no cysts, no VMT, and no ERM. H A refractory XXL hole with a MLD of 931 µm, BLD of 1068 µm, height of 314, MHI of 0.29, no cuff, no cysts, no VMT, and no ERM. I A refractory giant hole with a MLD of 1015 µm, BLD of 1115 µm, height of 341 µm, MHI of 0.31, no cuff, no cysts, and no VMT or ERM. J A refractory giant hole under silicone oil tamponade with a MLD of 1207 µm, BLD of 1307 µm, height of 386 µm, and no cuff, cysts, VMT, or ERM