Table 1 Literature review

Stepanov et al. [1]

Male, 65 years old

PPV in pseudophakic patient with iris claw lens, Basal iridectomy

High IOP

Corneal edema

Implant removal via anterior chamber washout, no need for corneal transplantation

Pardo-Lopez et al. [2]

Male, 68 years old

Posterior capture rupture, vitrectomy, BRVO, Iris-claw IOL

Corneal edema

Surgical removal and corneal transplantation

Zafar et al. [3]

Male, 74 years old

Anterior vitrectomy, IOL iris sutured and Descemet stripping automated endothelial keratoplasty

No complications

Watch & wait. Implant dissolved

Glidai et al. [4]

Male, 56 years old

BRVO, congenital inferior iris coloboma not involving the choroid, posterior chamber IOL, previous uncomplicated ozurdex implantation

Corneal edema

Surgical removal. Balanced salt solution (BSS) were used to guide the implant out of the anterior chamber

Gullapalli et al. [10]

Patient 1: Female, 73 years old

Patient 2: Female, 69 years old

Patient 1: lensectomy, posterior capsular tear, aphakia, vitrectomy

Patient 2: posterior capsular tear, AC IOL, Ahmed tube shunt, PPV

Patient 1: Corneal edema

Patient 2: corneal edema

Patient 1: surgical removal. Lens glide was used with injection of BSS

Patient 2: surgical removal and keratoplasty

Jamshidi et al. [12]

Male, 87 years old

Multiple IOLs replaced, multiple previous ozurdex implants, intrascleral haptic fixation IOL, DSAEK and vitrectomy

No complications

Surgical removal as a precaution

Jonas et al. [13]

Male, 52 years old

Vitrectomy, Aphakia, sympathetic ophthalmia

Corneal edema

Surgical removal

Goel et al. [14]

Female, 60 years old

Vitrectomy, previous posterior chamber IOL removed, scleral fixated IOL,

No corneal edema

Watch & wait approach. Implant dissolved

Srinivasan et al. [15]

Male, 60 years old

Vitrectomy, scleral fixated IOL

Corneal edema, Descemet’s folds

Pharmacologic mydriasis and patient posturing managed to displace it back to the vitreous

Kocak et al. [16]

Female, 72 years old

Long history of uveitis, pseudophakic with intact posterior capsule

No corneal edema or IOP rise

Watch & wait. Implant dissolved

Pacella et al. [17]

Female, 83 years old

Previous ozurdex implant, scleral fixated IOL

Corneal edema

Implant repositioning with BSS injection into the AC

Majumder et al. [8]

Male, 59 years old

Aphakia, vitrectomy

No complications

Observation. Implant dissolution

Kayıkçıoğlu et al. [11]

Patient 1: Male, 63 years old

Patient 2: Female, 60 years old

Patient 3: Male, 61 years old

Patient 4: Female, 79 years old

Patient 5: male, 73 years old

Patient 6: Male, 70 years old

1: Posterior capsular rupture, zonular dialysis, PPV, sulcus IOL

2: PPV and sutured IOL

3: Diabetic retinopathy,

PPV, PC IOL

4: PPV, sutured IOL

5: PPV, anterior vitrectomy, scleral fixated IOL

6: PPV, scleral fixated IOL

1: permanent bullous keratopathy

2: corneal edema and retinal detachment

3: corneal edema

4: no complications

5: bullous keratopathy

6: bullous keratopathy, rise in IOP

1: implant aspiration and keratoplasty

2: pupil dilation, corneal manipulation, patient posturing (reverse Trendelenburg)

3: surgically repositioned using 23 g catheter

4: pupil dilation, corneal manipulation, patient posturing (reverse Trendelenburg)

5: surgical repositioning but then aspirated after re-migration. Keratoplasty

6: aspiration of implant and keratoplasty

Stewart [18]

Male, 43 years old

Posterior uveitis

No complications

Removal via a technique which involved injection of viscoelastic and corneal incision depression

Ha et al. [19]

Patient 1: Male, 64 years old

Patient 2: Male, 49 years old

1: Zonular dialysis, PPV, Scleral fixated IOL

2: Defective lens capsule, PPV, Scleral fixated IOL

1: corneal edema

2: corneal edema

1: repositioning with globe massaging

2: repositioning with globe massaging but re-migrated 3 times. Surgical removal was used eventually

Kang et al. [20]

Patient 1: female, 51 years old

Patient 2: Male, 50 years old

Patient 3: Male, 72 years old

Patient 4: Male, 73 years old

1: vitrectomy, sulcus IOL, previous uncomplicated ozurdex

2: vitrectomy, posterior iris claw IOL, previous uncomplicated ozurdex

3: vitrectomy with membrane peel, PC-IOL, YAG capsulotomy, multiple previous ozurdex implants

4: vitrectomy, sulcus IOL, previous uncomplicated ozurdex implant

1: corneal edema, Descemet’s membrane folds

2: corneal edema

3: corneal edema

4: corneal edema

1: surgical repositioning using paracentesis and Sinskey hook

2: surgical repositioning using paracentesis and Sinskey hook

3: surgical removal via an 18-gauge needle and Sinskey hook

4: two surgical re-positionings and then eventually surgical removal due to re-migration

Kishore et al. [21]

Female, 89 years old

Intermediate uveitis

Increase in IOP

Pharmacologic mydriasis and postural relocation achieved re-migration to vitreous

Ku et al. [22]

Female, 75 years old

Three previous uncomplicated ozurdex implants, previous multifocal IOL replaced by Artisan IOL, arcuate keratotomies and corneal suturing to correct astigmatism

Corneal edema

Surgical removal using a 16G IV cannula

Lee et al. [23]

Female, 50 years old

Two previous uncomplicated ozurdex implants

Raised IOP

Surgical removal with Sinskey hook

Nguyen et al. [24]

Female, 58 years old

Retinal detachment, Proliferative vitreoretinopathy

Corneal edema

Surgical removal using 23 g needle

Rivera-Perez de Rada [25]

Female, 78 years old

Pseudoexfoliative syndrome, previous IOL and capsule subluxation, scleral fixation IOL

Corneal edema

Postural relocation, ocular massage

Depla et al. [26]

Female, 59 years old

Previous ozurdex with intact posterior capsule at the time, retropupillary iris claw IOL, complicated vitreoretinal surgery

Corneal edema

Surgical removal via 19 g needle aspiration and use of viscoelastic

Rahimy et al. [27]

Four patients with mean age 75. two Females and two Males

 × 2 BRVO, × 2 chronic noninfectious posterior uveitis

 × 1 in the bag IOL, × 1 sulcus IOL, × 1 scleral fixated IOL, × 1 AC IOL. × 3 PPV

Not mentioned

surgical removal: corneal incision and reorientation of implant perpendicular to incision. Then viscoelastic injection distal to implant- implant which caused egression

Ruiz-Casas et al. [28]c

Male, 64 years old

Dislocated lens extracted, vitrectomy, anterior chamber IOL

Corneal edema

Surgical removal, using a lens injector to capture and remove Ozurdex

Vela et al. [29]

Female, 65 years old

Multiple retinal detachment surgeries, iris-claw IOL

No corneal edema

Surgical repositioning of implant to VC using 30 g needle. No viscoelastic used

Röck et al. [6]

Patient 1: Female, 47 years old

Patient 2: Male, 76 years old

Patient 3: Female, 84 years old

Patient 4: Female, 69 years old

1: Noninfectious chronic uveitis, vitrectomy, previous dislocated IOL, scleral fixation IOL

2: pseudoexfoliation syndrome, previous dislocated IOL, vitrectomy, scleral fixation IOL, Irvine-Gass syndrome

3: vitrectomy and scleral fixation IOL, Irvine-Gass syndrome

4: noninfectious chronic uveitis, posterior chamber IOL, partial zonular dehiscence so then vitrectomy and surgical posterior capsulotomy done

1: Corneal edema

2: Corneal decompensation with bullous keratopathy

3: Corneal edema, bullous keratopathy

4: Corneal edema, Descemet’s folds

1: Surgical removal via paracentesis with viscoelastic injection and use of 20 g alligator forceps

2: Surgical removal via paracentesis with viscoelastic injection and use of 20 g alligator forceps

3: DMEK

4: surgical removal

Bansal et al. [30]

Patient 1: Male, 47 years old

Patient 2: Male, 13 years old

Patient 3: Male, 15 years old

1: chronic anterior uveitis, post-lensectomy-vitrectomy, aphakia

2: Bechet’s syndrome, post-lensectomy-vitrectomy, aphakia

3: Chronic anterior uveitis, post-lensectomy and vitrectomy, aphakia

1: Corneal edema, Descemet’s folds

2: Corneal edema, elevation of IOP

3: No complications

1: remigrated to vitreous cavity on its own

2: surgical removal

3: remigrated back to vitreous upon supine position

Khurana et al. [31]

Patient 1: Male, 65 years old

Patient 2: Female, 49 years old

Patient 3: Male, 61 years old

1: CRVO, PPV, anterior chamber IOL. Ozurdex fragmented

2: noninfectious posterior uveitis, PPV, PCIOL, previous uncomplicated ozurdex implant

3: chronic intermediate uveitis, PPV with membrane peel, PCIOL, zonular dehiscence of lens capsule, YAG capsulotomy, Retisert implantation. The patient has had × 2 times ozurdex implants both resulting in anterior migration

1: Corneal edema

2: Corneal edema, Descemet’s folds

3: After the first implant no corneal edema. After the second implantant corneal edema

1: failed surgical removal resulting into further fragmentation. Fragments eventually migrated to vitreous

2: Surgical removal via viscoelactic and Sinskey hook to reposition the implant and remove using tying forceps

3: After the first implantation, YAG laser broke up implant and remaining part fell back into VC. After the second implantation, the YAG laser used to break up implant into fragments which remained in inferior angle but eventually resolved. Patient had Descemet’s stripping endothelial keratoplasty and a Retisert implant

Chang et al. [32]

Female, 46 years old

Three prior uncomplicated ozurdex implants, bilateral congenital glaucoma, PPV, Baerveldt tube, IOL complicated but its prolapse into the sulcus required repositioning

Corneal edema

Surgical removal via vitrectomy

Eadie et al. [33]

Male, 48 years old

CRVO, previously uncomplicated ozurdex implant, steroid induced glaucoma and trabeculectomy

Superficial punctate keratitis with no edema

Watch & wait. Implant dissolved

D Kumar et al. [34]

Patient 1: Male, 61 years old

Patient 2: Male, 57 years old

1: glued IOL

2: glued IOL

1: corneal edema

2: corneal decompensation

1: not specified

2: surgical removal via no-touch technique, the implant aligned perpendicularly with incision and explanted with visco-expression by counter pressure on the posterior lip. PDEK was also required later

A Kumar et al. [35]

Patient 1: Male, 65 years old

Patient 2: Male, 54 years old

1: Vogt Koyanagi Harada syndrome, previous PC-IOL complicated by dislocation and replaced by glued Scleral fixated IOL

2: previous complicated cataract surgery due to posterior capsular rupture, then PPV and scleral fixated IOL

1: corneal edema, Descemet’s folds

2: corneal edema

1: Initially mydriasis and postural relocation. Then recurrence was managed with surgical removal

2: Initially mydriasis and postural relocation. A subsequent recurrence was managed with surgical removal

Madi et al. [36]

Male, 53 years old

Idiopathic chronic uveitis, anterior vitrectomy, sulcus IOL which dislocated and thus exchanged for an AC-IOL with peripheral iridotomy. Later developed pseudophakic bullous keratopathy and so had DSAEK and scleral fixated IOL

Corneal graft decompensation

Surgical removal with a Simcoe cannula. Needed repeat DSAEK

Majumbar et al. [37]

Male, 67 years old

Intact PC-IOL

Corneal edema

Surgical removal with the help of viscoelastic substance

Marchese et al. [38]

Male, 77 years old

CRVO, vitrectomy via PPV, sutured scleral-fixated IOL

Increase in IOP, corneal edema

Supine posturing failed to remigrate implant to posterior segment, surgical approach fragmented the implant and irrigation/aspiration probe used to aspirate them

Chen et al. [39]

Male, 58 years old

Diabetic macular edema, vitrectomy via PPV, ACIOL

Corneal edema

Surgically relocated implant in posterior segment using grasping forceps and spatula

Stavrakas et al. [40]

Female, 78 years old

Vitrectomy via PPV, sutureless scleral fixation Carlevale IOL

Corneal edema

Surgical removal