Fig. 3

Representative swept-source optical coherence tomography images taken in patients with epiretinal membrane before the surgery (A–C) and before the surgery (D). A: Note the presence of the disorganization of retinal inner layers (DRIL, red arrows). DRIL was defined as the horizontal extent in microns for which the boundaries between the ganglion cell, inner plexiform, and outer nuclear plexiform layers cannot be identified on OCT images. B: Representative image of outer retinal changes (red arrows), showing the discontinuities and interruptions of the ellipsoid zone (EZ) and external limiting membrane (ELM) at OCT B-scans images. C: Representative image of intraretinal microcystic spaces, which was defined as the presence of dark, hyporreflective cystic spaces located within inner nuclear, Henle’s fiber, or outer plexiform layers (red arrows). D: Dissociated optic nerve fiber layer (DONFL, red arrows) stands for striated pattern caused by small dimples at the surface of the inner retina where the internal limiting membrane (ILM) had been removed, visualized at OCT scan images