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Table 2 Results of the Kappa analysis between clinicians and different AI platforms for DME management and ocular co-morbidity management for individual case situations:

From: Recommendations for diabetic macular edema management by retina specialists and large language model-based artificial intelligence platforms

Kappa analysis between

DME management

(ĸ value)

Ocular co-morbidity management

(ĸ value)

1) Clinicians

0.60

0.80

2) AI platforms

0.58

0.36

3) Majority Clinician and majority AI response

0.69

0.49

4) Majority Clinician response and ChatGPT3.5v

0.50

0.60

5) Majority Clinician response and ChatGPT 4.0v

0.61

0.28

6) Majority Clinician response and Bing AI

0.53

0.32

  1. Abbreviations: AI– artificial intelligence; DME– diabetic macular edema; ĸ– kappa