Table 1 Summary of reported cases with erosion/intrusion of episcleral buckles
From: Intrusion of episcleral buckles: report of two cases and brief review
Cases | Age (at buckling time) | Details of scleral buckling procedure | Interval time (years)a | Intruded element | Presentation | Visual acuityb | Management | Follow up duration (months) | Outcome |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1. Nguyen et al. [1] | 47 | Encircling band (metal clips was used to hold the ends of band) + segmental sponge | 10 | Band and metal clip | Decreased VA | 20/400 | Observation | 16 | Progressed (the band was removal) |
2. Birgul et al. [9] | 77 | Encircling band + cryopexy | 4 | Encircling band | Visual field defect | 20/50 | Observation | Not specified (loss) | Progressed |
3. Ünlü et al. [3] | 40 | Encircling band + segmental radial sponge +cryopexy at horseshoe tear + drainage leading to incarceration of retina in drainage site; treated with additional cryopexy, radial sponge, pars plana vitrectomy and silicone oil tamponade | 0.25 | Segmental sponge | Incidental finding during routine follow-up | Not specified | Cutting of encircling band | 36 | Stable |
4. Shetty et al. [12] | 17 | Encircling band +segmental tire | 14 | Encircling band | Vitreous haemorrhage (from neovascularization over the buckle) | 20/40 | Buckle removal +cutting of bandc | 3 | Stable |
5. Deramo et al. [6] | 33 | Encircling band + segmental sponge + Pars plana deep vitrectomy | 1.5 | Segmental sponge | Decreased VA + hypotony | 4/200 | Removal | 8 | Stable |
6. Gray Arambura et al. [13] | 65 | First surgery: Segmental sponge + diathermy Second surgery: adding encircling buckle + diathermy | 19 | Encircling buckle | Vitreous haemorrhage | Not specified | Vitrectomy | 6 | Stable |
7. Liang et al. [11] | 37 | Segmental sponge + cryopexy + drainage | 3 | Segmental sponge | Metamorphopsia and recurrent vitreous haemorrhage | 20/20 | Observation | 6 | NA |
8. Shami et al. [8] | 63 | Encircling sponge | 14 | Encircling sponge (intruded at two sites) | Decreased VA | 20/200 | Observation | 9 | Stable |
9. Gu et al. [10] | 62 | Encircling band + drainage + Dacron suture used to close the drainage site | 15 | Encircling band and Dacron knot | Decreased VA, vitreous haemorrhage, hyphema, and elevated IOP (in an aphakic myopic patient) | Light perception | Removal of Dacron knot and observation of intruded band | Not specified | Not specified |
10. Mitra et al. [7] | Not specified | Pars plana deep vitrectomy combined with encircling band, followed by revisional vitrectomy for retina redetachment | Not specified | Encircling band | Incidental finding | 6/24 | Observation | Not specified | Not specified |
11. Zarei et al. (current study) | 19 | Encircling band and tire with a segmental sponge + drainage + cryopexy + suturing and cryopexy of drainage site | 29 | Segmental sponge | Recurrent vitreous haemorrhage | 20/200 | Barrier laser | 16 | Stable |
12. Zarei et al. (current study) | 16 | Pars plana deep vitrectomy combined with encircling band + endolaser photocoagulation + postoperative external laser photocoagulation | 10 | Encircling band | Incidental finding | 20/28 | Barrier laser + segmental removal of band | 14 | Stable |