Articles

In vivo and in vitro toxicity evaluation of liposome-encapsulated sirolimus

To evaluate the in vivo and in vitro toxicity of a new formulation of liposome-encapsulated sirolimus (LES).

Authors: Murilo Batista Abud, Ricardo Noguera Louzada, David Leonardo Cruvinel Isaac, Leonardo Gomes Souza, Ricardo Gomes dos Reis, Eliana Martins Lima and Marcos Pereira de Ávila

Prevalence of silicone oil droplets in eyes treated with intravitreal injection

To assess the number of eyes with silicone oil in the vitreous after intravitreal injection.

Authors: Gustavo Barreto Melo, Celso de Souza Dias Junior, Fábio Barreto Morais, Alexandre Lima Cardoso, Ana Galrão Almeida Figueiredo, Acácio Alves Souza Lima Filho, Eduardo Büchele Rodrigues, Geoffrey Guy Emerson and Maurício Maia

Neovessel as first manifestation of relapse of associated multifocal choroiditis and MEWDS

To report a case of multifocal choroiditis (MC) that has relapsed as choroidal neovascularization in the contralateral eye followed by a mixed aspect of multiple evanescent white dot syndrome (MEWDS) and MC.

Authors: Eduardo Morizot and Camila Schiavo Froner

Short-term eplerenone for treatment of chronic central serous chorioretinopathy; a prospective study

Increased mineralocorticoid activity is one of the plausible causes of chronic central serous chorioretinopathy (CSCR) and mineralocorticoid inhibitors such as eplerenone have been investigated as its potentia...

Authors: Hamid-Reza Moein, Lauren W. Bierman, Eduardo A. Novais, Carlos Moreira-Neto, Caroline R. Baumal, Adam Rogers, Jay S. Duker and André J. Witkin

Microperimetry and OCT angiography evaluation of patients with ischemic diabetic macular edema treated with monthly intravitreal bevacizumab: a pilot study

Functional and anatomical evaluation of patients with ischemic diabetic macular edema after monthly injections of Bevacizumab.

Authors: Felipe Pereira, Bruno Rebello Godoy, Mauricio Maia and Caio Vinicius Regatieri

Vascularized drusen: a cross-sectional study

To investigate whether neovascularization may arise and be detectable in drusen, as reported in histopathologic studies, by OCTA prior to developing exudation and to assess its prevalence in a cohort of patien...

Authors: Chris Or, Jeffrey S. Heier, David Boyer, David Brown, Sumit Shah, Agha Yasin Alibhai, James G. Fujimoto and Nadia Waheed

The use of anterior segment optical coherence tomography (ASOCT) in demonstrating recurrence of vitreoretinal lymphoma (VRL) in the anterior vitreous

Primary vitreoretinal lymphoma (VRL) is a rare disease with 30–380 new cases in the United States per year. Its insidious process and spread to the central nervous system (CNS) leads to a mean 5-year survival ...

Authors: Vlad Diaconita, Heba Rihani, Virginia Mares, Marcio B. Nehemy, Sophie J. Bakri and Jose S. Pulido

The retinal foveal avascular zone as a systemic biomarker to evaluate inflammatory bowel disease control

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a systemic inflammatory disease and is classified as Crohn’s disease (CD) or ulcerative colitis (UC) depending on the extent of gastrointestinal tract involvement. IBD can b...

Authors: Luis Filpe Nakayama, Vinicius Campos Bergamo, Marina Lourenco Conti, Nikoly Tigani Fares, Livia Almeida Costa, Orlando Ambrogini Jr. and Nilva Simeren Bueno de Moraes

Primary outcomes of the VIDI study: phase 2, double-masked, randomized, active-controlled study of ASP8232 for diabetic macular edema

ASP8232 is a potent and specific small molecule vascular adhesion protein-1 (VAP-1) inhibitor. This study evaluated the effect of ASP8232 on excess retinal thickness when given alone or in combination with ran...

Authors: Quan Dong Nguyen, Yasir J. Sepah, Brian Berger, David Brown, Diana V. Do, Alberto Garcia-Hernandez, Sunil Patel, Firas M. Rahhal, Yevgeniy Shildkrot and Ronny W. Renfurm

Observational study of intraocular lens tilt in sutureless intrascleral fixation versus standard transscleral suture fixation determined by ultrasound biomicroscopy

The position of the intraocular lens (IOL) is a major factor that affects the final visual acuity after cataract surgery. However, no prospective study has compared the IOL positions associated with the suture...

Authors: Bruna Ferraço Marianelli, Thaís Sousa Mendes, Roberta Pereira de Almeida Manzano, Patrícia Novita Garcia and Ivan Corso Teixeira

Prospective evaluation of intravitreal bevacizumab for ischemic central retinal vein occlusion

Although previous studies have evaluated the effect of anti-VEGF therapies for central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO) patients, the majority of previous studies have excluded or included a very small number of ...

Authors: Leangelo Hall, Luma Paiva Frizzera, Laura Fernandes Coelho, Pedro Carlos Carricondo, Maria Kiyoko Oyamada, Sergio Luis Gianotti Pimentel and Maria Fernanda Abalem

Diabetic macular edema treated with intravitreal aflibercept injection after treatment with other anti-VEGF agents (SWAP-TWO study): 6-month interim analysis

Diabetic macular edema (DME) is an important cause of vision loss and despite the anatomical and functional improvement achieved with treatment, there are reports of persistent DME regardless of continuous ant...

Authors: Amy S. Babiuch, Thais F. Conti, Felipe F. Conti, Fabiana Q. Silva, Aleksandra Rachitskaya, Alex Yuan and Rishi P. Singh

Choroidal thickness measured with swept source optical coherence tomography in posterior staphyloma strongly correlates with axial length and visual acuity

To measure the choroidal thickness in patients with high myopia from staphyloma using swept source OCT (SS-OCT) in Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS) fields and compare to normal cohort. The st...

Authors: K. V. Chalam and Kumar Sambhav

Endoscopic vitreoretinal surgery: principles, applications and new directions

To analyze endoscopic vitreoretinal surgery principles, applications, challenges and potential technological advances.

Authors: Radwan S. Ajlan, Aarsh A. Desai and Martin A. Mainster

One-year outcomes of 27-gauge versus 25-gauge pars plana vitrectomy for uncomplicated rhegmatogenous retinal detachment repair

27-gauge (27G) and 25-gauge (25G) transconjunctival sutureless vitrectomy (TSV) were considered equal about safety, effectiveness and vitrectomy time for the treatment of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD...

Authors: Giancarlo Sborgia, Alfredo Niro, Luigi Sborgia, Maria Oliva Grassi, Samuele Gigliola, Mario R. Romano, Francesco Boscia, Alessandra Sborgia and Giovanni Alessio

Looking ahead in retinal disease management: highlights of the 2019 angiogenesis, exudation and degeneration symposium

Authors: Carmen A. Puliafito and Charles C. Wykoff

Mapping diurnal variations in choroidal sublayer perfusion in patients with idiopathic epiretinal membrane: an optical coherence tomography angiography study

Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) is a non-invasive tool for imaging and quantifying the choroidal vasculature and perfusion state. In this index study, OCTA was used to investigate diurnal chang...

Authors: Felix Rommel, Fynn Siegfried, Jan A. M. Sochurek, Matthias Rothe, Max P. Brinkmann, Maximilian Kurz, Michelle Prasuhn, Salvatore Grisanti and Mahdy Ranjbar

Experimental model to evaluate the benefits of lutein to prevent retinal phototoxicity during pars plana vitrectomy surgery using xenon source light illumination in rabbits

To evaluate the benefits of lutein in preventing retinal phototoxicity generated by xenon light sources during vitreoretinal surgery.

Authors: Anderson Teixeira, Eduardo A. Novais, Emmerson Badaró, Acácio Lima, Michel Eid Farah and Rubens Belfort Jr.

Treat and extend regimen with aflibercept for chronic central retinal vein occlusions: 2 year results of the NEWTON study

To determine whether aflibercept (Eylea; Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Tarrytown, NY) could continue to extend the macular edema free interval in patients on a treat and extend (TAE) with non-ischemic centr...

Authors: Rahul N. Khurana, Louis K. Chang, Alok S. Bansal, James D. Palmer, Chengqing Wu and Mark R. Wieland

Macular hyperpigmentary changes in ABCA4-Stargardt disease

Stargardt disease (STGD) and age-related macular degeneration (AMD) share clinical and pathophysiological features. In AMD, macular hyperpigmentary changes are associated to a worse prognosis. The purpose of t...

Authors: Maria Fernanda Abalem, Amro A. Omari, Dana Schlegel, Naheed W. Khan and Thiran Jayasundera

Anterior chamber paracentesis during intravitreal injections in observational trials: effectiveness and safety and effects

A paracentesis prior to an intravitreal injection is a very safe procedure and can prevent IOP-spikes after injections. As these spikes pose the risk of inducing glaucomatous changes particularly in patients ...

Authors: Sandeep Saxena, Timothy Y. Lai, Hideki Koizumi, Michel E. Farah, Daniela Ferrara, David Pelayes, Tomohito Sato, Carsten H. Meyer and Timothy Murray

Novel stem cell and gene therapy in diabetic retinopathy, age related macular degeneration, and retinitis pigmentosa

Degenerative retinal disease leads to significant visual morbidity worldwide. Diabetic retinopathy and macular degeneration are leading causes of blindness in the developed world. While current therapies for t...

Authors: Parker E. Ludwig, S. Caleb Freeman and Adam C. Janot

Best vitelliform macular dystrophy in a large Brazilian family

To describe the clinical and multimodal imaging findings of a Brazilian family with Best vitelliform macular dystrophy.

Authors: Carolina Pádua Rocha de Souza, Luiz Guilherme Marchesi Mello, Fernando Gomez and Eduardo Morizot

Spontaneous retinal pigment epithelial tear in type 2 choroidal neovascularization: repair mechanisms following anti-VEGF therapy

To report the clinical course and the multimodal retinal imaging of a spontaneous retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) tear in a type 2 choroidal neovascularization (CNV) secondary to age-related macular degenerat...

Authors: Giuseppe Casalino, Vasuki Sivagnanavel, Samir Dowlut, Pearse A. Keane and Usha Chakravarthy

Retinal sensitivity and photoreceptor arrangement changes secondary to congenital simple hamartoma of retinal pigment epithelium

The congenital simple hamartoma of the retinal pigment epithelium is a benign lesion and previous observations with noninvasive imaging have detected potential photoreceptor abnormalities and retinal function ...

Authors: M. W. Rodrigues, D. B. Cavallini, C. Dalloul, C. L. Shields and R. Jorge

Computing uveal melanoma basal diameters: a comparative analysis of several novel techniques with improved accuracy

We sought to compare the accuracy of standard and novel echographic methods for computing intraocular tumor largest basal diameter (LBD).

Authors: Anthony B. Daniels, Kevin K. Veverka, Shriji N. Patel, LuAnne Sculley, Garvin Munn and Jose S. Pulido

Correction to: Sustained and targeted episcleral delivery of celecoxib in a rabbit model of retinal and choroidal neovascularization

Following publication of the original article [1], the authors reported the following changes to the article: 1. The correct name of Dr. De Carvalho is Ricardo A. Pontes de Carvalho.

Authors: Luiz H. Lima, Michel E. Farah, Glenwood Gum, Pamela Ko and Ricardo A. Pontes de Carvalho

Release of silicone oil droplets from syringes

Intravitreal silicone oil droplets have been found in the vitreous. The aim of this study is to compare the rates of silicone oil released by different brands of commonly used syringes for intravitreal injecti...

Authors: Gustavo Barreto Melo, Celso de Souza Dias Junior, Mariana Reis Carvalho, Alexandre Lima Cardoso, Fábio Barreto Morais, Ana Carolina Migliorini Figueira, Acácio Alves Souza Lima Filho, Geoffrey Guy Emerson and Maurício Maia

Quantitative measurement of vascular density and flow using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) in patients with central retinal vein occlusion: Can OCTA help in distinguishing ischemic from non-ischemic type?

To evaluate microvascular changes and quantitative parameters in patients with central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO) by using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) and finding difference between pres...

Authors: Alireza Khodabandeh, Kiyanoosh Shahraki, Ramak Roohipoor, Hamid Riazi-Esfahani, Mehdi Yaseri, Houshang Faghihi and Fatemeh Bazvand

Multicolor imaging in choroidal osteomas

To describe the multicolour (MC) imaging characteristics associated with choroidal osteomas (CO) and their secondary complications.

Authors: Ramesh Venkatesh, Bharathi Bavaharan, Naresh Kumar Yadav, Kumar Saurabh, Priya Srinivasan, Padmalini Mahendradas, Vishma Prabhu and Rupak Roy

Cuticular drusen associated with aneurysmal type 1 neovascularization (polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy)

Aneurysmal type 1 neovascularization (AT1) is a term recently introduced to better describe the aneurysmal dilatation that may arise from neovascular lesions, more commonly known as polypoidal choroidal vascul...

Authors: Serena Fragiotta, Talia R. Kaden and K. Bailey Freund

Multimodal imaging in a patient with Prader–Willi syndrome

Prader–Willi syndrome (PWS) is a genetic disease caused by loss of expression of the paternally inherited copy of several genes on the long arm of chromosome 15. Ophthalmic manifestations of PWS include strabi...

Authors: Mohamed A. Hamid, Mitul C. Mehta and Baruch D. Kuppermann

Multimodal imaging of retinal metastasis masquerading as an acute retinal necrosis

To report the multimodal imaging and histology of a case of metastatic esophageal cancer with vitreoretinal involvement resembling acute retinal necrosis (ARN) in a patient receiving systemic chemotherapy.

Authors: Fukutaro Mano, Stephen A. LoBue, Kuo-Chung Chang and Tomiya Mano

Ocular kinetics and safety of intravitreally injected angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor lisinopril

The study investigated the intravitreal safety and vitreous disposition of lisinopril, an angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor in rabbits for its projected use in retinopathy.

Authors: Madhu Nath, Nabanita Halder, Parijat Chandra, Sundararajan Baskar Singh, Ashok Kumar Deorari, Atul Kumar and Thirumurthy Velpandian

The outcomes of epiretinal membrane peeling in patients with foveal herniation

To evaluate the surgical outcomes of vitrectomy in patients with foveal herniation associated with epiretinal membrane (ERM).

Authors: Abdullah Ozkaya, Gurkan Erdogan and Gokhan Demir

Central subfield thickness and cube average thickness as bioimaging biomarkers for ellipsoid zone disruption in diabetic retinopathy

To evaluate the association of central subfield thickness (CST) and cube average thickness (CAT) with ellipsoid zone (EZ) disruption on spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) in patients of diab...

Authors: Sukriti Ahuja, Sandeep Saxena, Carsten H. Meyer, Jagjit S. Gilhotra and Levent Akduman

Evaluation of aflibercept and ziv-aflibercept binding affinity to vascular endothelial growth factor, stability and sterility after compounding

To investigate the binding affinity, stability, and sterility of aflibercept and ziv-aflibercept to vascular endothelial growth factor (Holash et al. in Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 99(17):11393–11398, 2002.

Authors: Julia de Lima Farah, Ronaldo Sano, Ieda Maria Longo Maugéri, Daniela Teixeira, Mayari Eika Ishimura, Gabriela Martins, Lycia M. J. Mimica, Cely Barreto da Silva, Carsten H. Meyer, João Rafael de Oliveira Dias, Gabriel Costa de Andrade and Michel Eid Farah

Subconjunctival 0.1% epinephrine versus placebo in maintenance of mydriasis during vitrectomy: a randomized controlled trial

Pupil dilation and mydriasis maintenance throughout vitreoretinal surgeries are important to allow satisfactory fundus visualization and reduce risk of complications. The purpose of this study is to evaluate t...

Authors: Rafael B. de Araújo, Breno M. S. Azevedo, Thais S. Andrade, Maria F. Abalem, Mário L. R. Monteiro and Pedro C. Carricondo

Diurnal variation of choriocapillaris vessel flow density in normal subjects measured using optical coherence tomography angiography

Vessel flow density (VFD) may provide important information regarding perfusion status. Diurnal variation in VFD of choriocapillaris has not been reported in literature. In the index study, optical coherence t...

Authors: Salman Sarwar, Muhammad Hassan, Mohamed K. Soliman, Muhammad Sohail Halim, Mohammad Ali Sadiq, Rubbia Afridi, Aniruddha Agarwal, Diana V. Do, Quan Dong Nguyen and Yasir J. Sepah

Peripheral retinal nonperfusion using widefield imaging with von Hippel-Lindau disease

To describe a case of von Hippel-Lindau disease with peripheral retinal nonperfusion.

Authors: Jose S. Pulido, Lauren A. Dalvin, Timothy W. Olsen, Fukutaro Mano, Michael Yu and Carol L. Shields

Burkholderia cepacia, a cause of post pars plana vitrectomy silicone oil related endophthalmitis: clinico-pathological presentation and outcome of management

To report the long-term outcome of the management of a series of culture proven post pars plana vitrectomy endophthalmitis in which the infective agent was in the silicone oil used as an endotamponade. The iso...

Authors: Ogugua Ndubuisi Okonkwo, Adekunle Olubola Hassan, Olufemi Oderinlo and Michael Ekuoba Gyasi

Eplerenone in the treatment of central serous chorioretinopathy: a review of the literature

The purpose of this review is to examine the role of eplerenone in the treatment of central serous chorioretinopathy (CSCR).

Authors: Irini Chatziralli, Aikaterini Vlachodimitropoulou, Chrysoula Daoula, Christina Vrettou, Eleni Galani, George Theodossiadis and Panagiotis Theodossiadis

Change in subfoveal choroidal thickness in diabetes and in various grades of diabetic retinopathy

To evaluate subfoveal choroidal thickness (SFCT) change in diabetes and in various grades of diabetic retinopathy (DR) in comparison to age-matched healthy subjects.

Authors: Vikas Ambiya, Ashok Kumar, V. K. Baranwal, Gaurav Kapoor, Amit Arora, Nidhi Kalra and Jyoti Sharma

Retina and glaucoma: surgical complications

The close structural and microcirculatory co-relation between anterior and posterior segments of eye make them very vulnerable to complications when one of them is affected surgically. With the advent of anti-...

Authors: Niroj Kumar Sahoo, Pasyanthi Balijepalli, Sumit Randhir Singh, Mahima Jhingan, Sirisha Senthil and Jay Chhablani

Clinical course of acute zonal occult outer retinopathy complicated by choroidal neovascularization

To report the clinical course and multimodal imaging features of acute zonal occult outer retinopathy (AZOOR) complicated by choroidal neovascularization (CNV) treated with anti-vascular endothelial growth fac...

Authors: Ugo Introini, Giuseppe Casalino, Elona Dhrami-Gavazi, Sri Krishna Mukkamala, Sarah Mrejen, Hermann Schubert, Salomon Y. Cohen, Claudio Azzolini, Francesco Bandello, Stanley Chang and Lawrence A. Yannuzzi

Direct navigated laser photocoagulation as primary treatment for retinal arterial macroaneurysms

To compare the efficacy and safety of conventional and navigated laser photocoagulation as the primary treatment option for retinal arteriolar macroaneurysm (RAM).

Authors: Dmitrii S. Maltsev, Alexei N. Kulikov, Bhushan Uplanchiwar, Luiz H. Lima and Jay Chhablani

Multimodal imaging in choroidal osteoma

To describe characteristics of choroidal osteomas (CO), using ocular ultrasound, fluorescein angiography, ultra-widefield retinal imaging, ultra-widefield autofluorescence, optical coherence tomography, enhanc...

Authors: Francisco Olguin-Manríquez, Ana Bety Enríquez, Nicolás Crim, Miroslava Meraz-Gutierrez, Vidal Soberón-Ventura, Ismael Ávila, Virgilio Morales-Canton and Juan Manuel Jimenez-Sierra

Sustained and targeted episcleral delivery of celecoxib in a rabbit model of retinal and choroidal neovascularization

To evaluate the efficacy of selective episcleral delivery of celecoxib formulated in a sustained-release episcleral exoplant on a model of retinal and choroidal neovascularization induced in rabbits by subreti...

Authors: Luiz H. Lima, Michel E. Farah, Glenwood Gum, Pamela Ko and Ricardo A. de Carvalho

Iodate induced toxic retinopathy: a case report

Iodine deficiency is a common preventable cause of intellectual and developmental disabilities. Iodine in the form of potassium iodate is added to the common salt under the National Iodine Deficiency Disorder ...

Authors: Y. C. Venu Gopal Reddy, Anuj Sharma, Adheesh P. Shetty and Syed Mohideen Abdul Kader

Acute retinal vein occlusion and cystic fibrosis

The ocular manifestations of cystic fibrosis typically present with surface irritation or nyctalopia due to Vitamin A deficiency, however, there have been two previous reports of patients with cystic fibrosis ...

Authors: Matthew R. Starr, Suzanne M. Norby, John P. Scott and Sophie J. Bakri